#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
'''Pychemqt, Chemical Engineering Process simulator
Copyright (C) 2009-2025, Juan José Gómez Romera <jjgomera@gmail.com>
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.'''
from functools import partial
from math import atan, exp, log10, pi, tan, sin
from tools.qt import QtCore, QtWidgets, translate
from lib.unidades import Dimensionless, Area, Length, Angle
from lib.utilities import refDoc
from UI.widgets import Entrada_con_unidades
from equipment.widget.gui import CallableEntity, ToolGui
__doi__ = {
1:
{"autor": "du Plessis, J.P., Kröger, D.G.",
"title": "Friction factor prediction for fully developed laminar "
"twisted-tape flow",
"ref": "Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 27(11) (1984) 2095-2100",
"doi": "10.1016/0017-9310(84)90196-0"},
2:
{"autor": "du Plessis, J.P., Kröger, D.G.",
"title": "Heat transfer correlation for thermally developing laminar "
"flow in a smooth tube with a twisted-tape insert",
"ref": "Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 30(3) (1987) 509-515",
"doi": "10.1016/0017-9310(87)90265-1"},
3:
{"autor": "Shah, R.K., London, A.L.",
"title": "Laminar Flow Forced Convection in Ducts: A Source Book for "
"Compact Heat Exchanger Analytical Data",
"ref": "Academic Press 1978",
"doi": ""},
4:
{"autor": "Manglik, R.M., Bergles, A.E.",
"title": "Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Correlations for "
"Twisted-Tape Inserts in Isothermal Tubes: Part I - Laminar "
"Flows",
"ref": "J. Heat Transfer 115(4) (1993) 881-889",
"doi": "10.1115/1.2911383"},
5:
{"autor": "Manglik, R.M., Bergles, A.E.",
"title": "Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Correlations for "
"Twisted-Tape Inserts in Isothermal Tubes: Part II - "
"Transition and Turbulent Flows",
"ref": "J. Heat Transfer 115(4) (1993) 890-896",
"doi": "10.1115/1.2911384"},
6:
{"autor": "Hong, S.W., Bergles, A.E.",
"title": "Augmenttion of Laminar Flow Heat Transfer in Tubes by "
"Means of Twisted-Tape Inserts",
"ref": "J. Heat Transfer 98(2) (1976) 251-256",
"doi": "10.1115/1.3450527"},
7:
{"autor": "Lopina, R.F., Bergles, A.E.",
"title": "Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop in Tape-Generaged Swirl "
"Flow of Single-Phase Water",
"ref": "ASME J. Heat Transfer 91(3) (1969) 434-442",
"doi": "10.1115/1.3580212"},
8:
{"autor": "",
"title": "HTRI Design Manual",
"ref": "",
"doi": ""},
9:
{"autor": "Naphon, P.",
"title": "Heat transfer and pressure drop in the horizontal double "
"pipes with and without twisted tape insert",
"ref": "Int. Comm. Heat Mass Transfer 33 (2006) 166-175",
"doi": "10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2005.09.007"},
10:
{"autor": "Agarwal, S.K., Raja Rao, M.",
"title": "Heat transfer augmentation for the flow of a viscous "
"liquid in circular tubes using twisted tape inserts",
"ref": "Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 39(17) (1996) 3547-3557",
"doi": "10.1016/0017-9310(96)00039-7"},
11:
{"autor": "Kidd, G.J. Jr.",
"title": "Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop for Nitrogen Flowing in "
"Tubes Containing Twisted Tapes",
"ref": "AIChE J. 15(4) (1969) 581-585.",
"doi": "10.1002/aic.690150420"},
12:
{"autor": "Smithberg, E., Landis, F.",
"title": "Friction and Forced Convection Heat-Transfer "
"Characteristics in Tubes With Twisted Tape Swirl Generators",
"ref": "J. Heat Transfer. 86(1) (1964) 39-48",
"doi": "10.1115/1.3687060"},
13:
{"autor": "Sivashanmugam, P., Suresh, S.",
"title": "Experimental studies on heat transfer and friction factor "
"characteristics of laminar flow through a circular tube "
"fitted with helical screw-tape inserts",
"ref": "App. Thermal Eng. 26(16) (2006) 1990-1997",
"doi": "10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2006.01.008"},
14:
{"autor": "Sivashanmugam, P., Suresh, S.",
"title": "Experimental studies on heat transfer and friction factor "
"characteristics of turbulent flow through a circular tube "
"fitted with helical screw-tape inserts",
"ref": "Chem. Eng. Processing 46(12) (2007) 1292-1298",
"doi": "10.1016/j.cep.2006.10.009"},
15:
{"autor": "Sarma, P.K., Kishore, P.S., Rao, V.D., Subrahnamyam, T.",
"title": "A Conbined approach to predict friction coefficients and "
"convective heat transfer characteristics in A tube with "
"twisted tape inserts for a wide range of Re and Pr",
"ref": "Int. J. Therm. Sciences 44(4) (2005) 393-398",
"doi": "10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2004.12.001"},
16:
{"autor": "Murugesan, P., Mayilsamy, K., Suresh, S.",
"title": "Heat Transfer and Friction Factor Studies in a Circular "
"Tube Fitted with Twisted Tape Consisting of Wire-nails",
"ref": "Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 18(6) (2010) 1038-1042",
"doi": "10.1016/S1004-9541(09)60166-X"},
17:
{"autor": "Murugesan, P., Mayilsamy, K., Suresh, S.",
"title": "Turbulent Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop in Tube Fitted "
"with Square-cut Twisted Tape",
"ref": "Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 18(4) (2010) 609-617",
"doi": "10.1016/s1004-9541(10)60264-9"},
18:
{"autor": "Murugesan, P., Mayilsamy, K., Suresh, S., Srinivasan, P.S.S",
"title": "Heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics in a "
"circular tube fitted with and without V-cut twisted tape"
"insert",
"ref": "Int. Comm. Heat Mass Transfer 38(3) (2011) 329-334",
"doi": "10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2010.11.010"},
19:
{"autor": "Murugesan, P., Mayilsamy, K., Suresh, S.",
"title": "Heat Transfer in Tubes Fitted with Trapezoidal-Cut and "
"Plain Twisted Tape Inserts",
"ref": "Chem. Eng. Communications 198(7) (2011) 886-904",
"doi": "10.1080/00986445.2011.545294"},
20:
{"autor": "Murugesan, P., Mayilsamy, K., Suresh, S.",
"title": "Heat Transfer in a Tube Fitted with Vertical and "
"Horizontal Wing-cut Twisted Tapes",
"ref": "Exp. Heat Transfer 25(1) (2012) 30-47",
"doi": "10.1080/08916152.2011.559567"},
21:
{"autor": "Jaisankar, S., Radhakrishnan, T.;., Sheeba, K.N.",
"title": "Experimental studies on heat transfer and friction factor "
"characteristics of forced circulation solar water heater "
"system fitted with helical twisted tapes",
"ref": "Solar Energy 83(11) (2009) 1943-1952",
"doi": "10.1016/j.solener.2009.07.006"},
22:
{"autor": "Sivashanmugam, P., Suresh, S.",
"title": "Experimental studies on heat transfer and friction factor "
"characteristics of turbulent flow through a circular tube "
"fitted with regularly spaced helical screw-tape inserts",
"ref": "App. Thermal Eng. 27(8-9) (2007) 1311-1319",
"doi": "10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2006.10.035"},
23:
{"autor": "Ibrahim, E.Z.",
"title": "Augmentation of laminar flow and heat transfer in flat "
"tubes by means of helical screw-tape inserts",
"ref": "Energy Conv. Management 52(1) (2011) 250-257",
"doi": "10.1016/j.enconman.2010.06.065"},
24:
{"autor": "Saha, S.K., Gaitonde, U.N., Date, A.W.",
"title": "Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Characteristics of Laminar "
"Flow in a Circular Tube Fitted with Regularly Spaced "
"Twisted-Tape Elements",
"ref": "Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. 2(3) (1989) 310-322",
"doi": "10.1016/0894-1777(89)90020-4"},
25:
{"autor": "Date, A.W., Gaitonde, U.N.",
"title": "Development of Correlations for Predicting Characteristics "
"of Laminar Flow in a Tube Fitted with Regularly Spaced "
"Twisted-Tape Elements",
"ref": "Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. 3(4) (1990) 373-382",
"doi": "10.1016/0894-1777(90)90035-6"},
26:
{"autor": "Klaczak, A.",
"title": "Heat transfer by laminar flow in a vertical pipe with "
"twisted-tape inserts",
"ref": "Heat Mass Transfer 36 (2000) 195-199",
"doi": "10.1007/s002310050384"},
27:
{"autor": "Chang, S.W., Guo, M.H.",
"title": "Thermal perfomances of enhanced smooth and spiky twisted "
"tapes for laminar and turbulent tubular flows",
"ref": "Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 55(25-26) (2012) 7651-7667",
"doi": "10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.07.077"},
28:
{"autor": "Chang, S.W., Jan, Y.J., Liou, J.S.",
"title": "Turbulent heat transfer and pressure drop in tube fitted"
"with serrated twisted tape",
"ref": "Int. J. Thermal Sci. 46(5) (2007) 506-518",
"doi": "10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2006.07.009"},
29:
{"autor": "Chang, S.W., Yang, T.L., Liou, J.S.",
"title": "Heat transfer and pressure drop in tube with broken "
"twisted tape insert",
"ref": "Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. 32(2) (2007) 489-501",
"doi": "10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2007.06.002"},
30:
{"autor": "Eiamsa-ard, S., Thianpong, C., Eiamsa-ard, P.",
"title": "Turbulent heat transfer enhancement by counter/co-swirling "
"flow in a tube fitted with twin twisted tapes",
"ref": "Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. 34(1) (2010) 53-62",
"doi": "10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2009.09.002"},
31:
{"autor": "Eiamsa-ard, S., Wongcharee, K., Eiamsa-ard, P., Thianpong, C.",
"title": "Heat transfer enhancement in a tube using delta-winglet "
"twisted tape inserts",
"ref": "Applied Thermal Eng. 30(4) (2010) 310-318",
"doi": "10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.09.006"},
32:
{"autor": "Eiamsa-ard, S., Seemawute, P., Wongcharee, K.",
"title": "Influences of peripherally-cut twisted tape insert on "
"heat transfer and thermal performance characteristics in "
"laminar and turbulent tube flows",
"ref": "Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. 34(6) (2010) 711-719",
"doi": "10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2009.12.013"},
33:
{"autor": "Eiamsa-ard, P., Piriyarungrod, N., Thianpong, C., "
"Eiamsa-ard, S.",
"title": "A case study on thermal performance assessment of a heat "
"exchanger tube equipped with regularly-spaced twisted "
"tapes as swirl generators",
"ref": "Case Studies Thermal Eng. 3 (2014) 86-102",
"doi": "10.1016/j.csite.2014.04.002"},
34:
{"autor": "Eiamsa-ard, S., Wongcharee, K., Eiamsa-ard, P., "
"Thianpong, C.",
"title": "Thermohydraulic investigation of turbulent flow through a "
"round tube equipped with twisted tapes consisting of "
"centre wings and alternate-axes",
"ref": "Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. 34(8) (2010) 1151-1161",
"doi": "10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2010.04.004"},
35:
{"autor": "Eiamsa-ard, S., Thianpong, C., Eiamsa-ard, P., Promvonge, P.",
"title": "Thermal characteristics in a heat exchanger tube fitted "
"with dual twisted tape elements in tandem",
"ref": "Int. Comm. Heat Mass Transfer 37(1) (2010) 39-46",
"doi": "10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2009.08.010"},
36:
{"autor": "Ponnada, S., Subrahmanyam, T., Naidu, S.V.",
"title": "A comparative study on the thermal performance of water in "
"a circular tube with twisted tapes, perforated twisted "
"tapes and perforated twisted tapes with alternate axis",
"ref": "Int. J. Thermal Sci. 136 (2019) 530-538",
"doi": "10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2018.11.008"},
37:
{"autor": "He, Y., Liu, L., Li, P., Ma, L.",
"title": "Experimental study on Heat transfer enhancement "
"characteristics of tube with cross hollow twisted tape ",
"ref": "Applied Thermal Eng. 131 (2018) 743-749",
"doi": "10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.12.029"},
38:
{"autor": "Piriyarungrod, N., Eiamsa-ard, S., Thianpong, C., Pimsarn, "
"M., Nanan, K.",
"title": "Heat transfer enhancement by tapered twisted tape inserts",
"ref": "Chem. Eng. Process. 96 (2015) 62-71",
"doi": "10.1016/j.cep.2015.08.002"},
39:
{"autor": "Eiamsa-ard, S., Somkleang, P., Nuntadusit, C., Thianpong, C.",
"title": "Heat transfer enhancement in tube by inserting "
"uniform/non-uniform twisted-tapes with alternate axes: "
"Effect of rotated-axis length",
"ref": "Applied Thermal Eng. 54 (2013) 289-309",
"doi": "10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.01.041"},
40:
{"autor": "Thianpong, C., Eiamsa-ard, S., Somkleang, P.",
"title": "Heat transfer and thermal performance characteristics of "
"heat exchanger tube fitted with perforated twisted-tapes",
"ref": "Heat Mass Transfer 48(6) (2012) 881-892",
"doi": "10.1007/s00231-011-0943-0"},
41:
{"autor": "Eiamsa-ard, S., Promvonge, P.",
"title": "Performance assessment in a heat exchanger tube with "
"alternate clockwise and counter-clockwise twisted-tape "
"inserts",
"ref": "Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 53(7-8) (2010) 1364-1372",
"doi": "10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.12.023"},
42:
{"autor": "Eiamsa-ard, S., Wongcharee, K.,",
"title": "Heat transfer enhancement by twisted tapes with alternate-"
"axes and triangular, rectangular and trapezoidal wings",
"ref": "Chem. Eng. Processing 50(2) (2011) 211-219",
"doi": "10.1016/j.cep.2010.11.012"},
43:
{"autor": "Bas, H., Ozceyhan, V.",
"title": "Heat transfer enhancement in a tube with twisted tape "
"inserts placed separately from the tube wall",
"ref": "Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. 41 (2012) 51-58",
"doi": "10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2012.03.008"},
44:
{"autor": "Eiamsa-ard, S., Promvonge, P.",
"title": "Thermal characteristics in round tube fitted with serrated "
"twisted tape",
"ref": "Applied Thermal Engineering 30(13) (2010) 1673-1682",
"doi": "10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2010.03.026"},
45:
{"autor": "Nanan, K., Thianpong, C., Promvonge, P., Eiamsa-ard, S.",
"title": "Investigation of heat transfer enhancement by perforated "
"helical twisted-tapes",
"ref": "Int. Comm. Heat Mass Transfer 52 (2014) 106-112",
"doi": "10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2014.01.018"},
46:
{"autor": "Eiamsa-ard, S., Promvonge, P.",
"title": "Influence of Double-sided Delta-wing Tape Insert with "
"Alternate-axes on Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics "
"in a Heat Exchanger Tube",
"ref": "Chinese J. Chem. Eng. 19(3) (2011) 410-423",
"doi": "10.1016/S1004-9541(11)60001-3"},
47:
{"autor": "Sivashanmugam, P., Nagarajan, P.K.",
"title": "Studies on heat transfer and friction factor "
"characteristics of laminar flow through a circular tube "
"fitted with right and left helical screw-tape inserts",
"ref": "Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. 32(1) (2007) 192-197",
"doi": "10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2007.03.005"},
48:
{"autor": "Sivashanmugam, P., Nagarajan, P.K., Suresh, S.",
"title": "Experimental Studies on Heat Transfer and Friction Factor "
"Characteristics of Turbulent Flow Through a Circular Tube "
"Fitted with Right and Left Helical Screw-Tape Inserts",
"ref": "Chem. Eng. Comm. 195(8) (2008) 977-987",
"doi": "10.1080/00986440801906658"},
# 49:
# {"autor": "",
# "title": "",
# "ref": "",
# "doi": ""},
}
# Friction factor correlations
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [4, 5])
def f_twisted_Manglik(Re, D, H, delta, Dh):
"""Calculate friction factor for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Manglik and Bergles correlation (1993)
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal pipe diameter, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
delta : float
Tape thickness, [m]
Dh : float
Hydraulic diameter, [m]
"""
if Re <= 2000:
# Laminar flow
Resw = Re*(pi/(pi-4*delta/D)) * ((pi*D/H)**2)**0.5
Sw = Resw/(H/2/D)**0.5
fsw = 15.767/Resw * ((pi+2-2*delta/D)/(pi-4*delta/D))**2 \
* (1+1e-6*Sw**2.55)**(1/6)
f = fsw * Dh/D*(1+(pi*D/H)**2)**1.5
elif Re > 1e4:
# Turbulent flow
f = 0.0791/Re**0.25 * (pi/(pi-4*delta/D))**1.75 \
* ((pi+2-2*delta/D)/(pi-4*delta/D))**1.25 * (1+2.752/(H/D)**1.29)
else:
# Transition flow
fl = f_twisted_Manglik(2000, D, H, delta, Dh)
ft = f_twisted_Manglik(1e4, D, H, delta, Dh)
# Eq 11 in 5
f = (fl**10 + ft**10)**0.1
return f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [15])
def f_twisted_Sarma(Re, D, H):
"""Calculate friction factor for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Sarma et al. correlation (2005)
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
"""
# Eq 4
rhs = 0.474 - 0.3*log10(Re) + 0.065*log10(Re)**2 - 4.66e-3*log10(Re)**3
f = (1+D/H)**3.378 * rhs
return f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [27, 28, 29])
def f_twisted_Chang(Re, D, H, mod="", bf=False):
"""Calculate friction factor a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Chang et al. correlation (2012).
The twisted-tape have geometrical modifications:
* PT: Perforated twisted tape
* PJT: Perforated twisted tape with jaggedness
* PST: Perforated spiky twisted tape
* PJST: Perforated spicy twisted tape with jaggedness
* VST: V-notched spicy twisted tape
* SR: Serrated roughened
* BT: Broken twisted tape
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
mod : string
Name of modification code of twisted tape
PT | PJT | PST | PJSJ | VST
bf : boolean
In jaggedness mod flow orientation is relevant, set backward flow state
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
"""
y = H/D
# Coefficient from Table 5
if mod == "PT":
ci = ((0.0174, 0.13, 0.339), (0.02, 4.41, 0.725),
(3.4e-4, 1.05e-3, 0.512))
elif mod == "PJT":
if bf:
ci = ((0.0174, 0.35, 0.567), (0.02, 0.648, 0.209),
(3.4e-4, 3.14e-4, 0.719))
else:
ci = ((0.0174, 0.311, 0.493), (0.02, 2.21, 0.565),
(3.4e-4, 1.22e-3, 0.699))
elif mod == "PST":
ci = ((0.0174, 0.249, 0.34), (0.02, 2.77, 0.527),
(3.4e-4, 1.06e-3, 0.702))
elif mod == "PJST":
if bf:
ci = ((0.0174, 3.01, 1.21), (0.02, 1.14, 0.295),
(3.4e-4, 0.177, 3.04))
else:
ci = ((0.0174, 1.89, 0.96), (0.02, 0.364, 0.134),
(3.4e-4, 1.09e-3, 0.873))
elif mod == "VST":
ci = ((0.0174, 0.561, 0.471), (0.02, 0.706, 0.453),
(3.4e-4, 2.23, 1.13), (0, 0.00878, 4.64))
elif mod == "BT":
# From [29]_, Eq 9
ci = ((0.0174, 0.21, 0.332), (0.02, 0.161, 1.27),
(3.4e-4, -3.21e-4, 0.548))
# From [28]_
elif mod == "SR":
# Eq 9 in [28]_
ci = ((0, 0, 0), (0.033, 0.756, 0.765), (0.166, -0.235, 0.524))
else:
# Smooth twisted tape
# Eq 8 in [28]_
ci = ((0, 0, 0), (0.07, 9.87, 1.81), (-0.08, -0.94, 1.23))
c0 = ci[0][0]+ci[0][1]*exp(-ci[0][2]*y)
c1 = ci[1][0]+ci[1][1]*exp(-ci[1][2]*y)
c2 = ci[2][0]+ci[2][1]*exp(-ci[2][2]*y)
# Eq 6
if not mod or mod == "SR":
f = c1*Re**c2
else:
f = c0 + c1*exp(-c2*Re)
# Aditional term for VST
if mod == "VST":
c3 = ci[3][0]+ci[3][1]*exp(-ci[3][2]*y)
f += c3*Re
return f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [1])
def f_twisted_laminar_Plessis(Re, D, H, delta, Ae, De):
"""Calculate friction factor for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Plessis and Kröger correlation (1984)
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
delta : float
Tape thickness, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Ae : float
Effective flow area, [m²]
De : float
Effective hydraulic diameter, [m]
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
Examples
--------
Selected point from Table 2 in [1]_
>>> st = TwistedTape(10, 1, 0)
>>> print("%0.3f" % f_twisted_laminar_Plessis(50, 1, 10, 0, st.Ae, st.De))
0.849
>>> print("%0.4f" % f_twisted_laminar_Plessis(2000, 1, 10, 0, st.Ae, st.De))
0.0296
"""
A = pi*D**2/4
y = H/D
# Eq 15
Deltae = A*D**2/Ae/De**2
# Eq 16
fe = Deltae/Re*(15.767-0.14706*delta/D)
# Eq 17
f = fe * (1 + (Re/(70*y**1.3))**1.5)**(1/3)
return f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [3])
def f_twisted_laminar_Shah(Re, D, H, delta):
"""Calculate friction factor for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Shah and London correlation (1978)
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
delta : float
Tape thickness, [m]
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
"""
# Chapter XVI: Longitudinal Fins and Twisted Tapes within Ducts
# F: Circular Duct with a Twisted Tape, Pag 379 and on next
Xl = H/D
# Eq 559
C = 8.8201*Xl - 2.1193*Xl**2 + 0.2108*Xl**3 - 0.0069*Xl**4
# Eq 563
Xi = (pi/(pi+2))**2 * ((pi+2-2*delta/D)/(pi-4*delta/D))**2 \
* (pi/(pi-4*delta/D))
if Re/Xl < 6.7:
# Eq 560
fRe = 42.23*Xi
elif Re/Xl > 100:
# Eq 562
fRe = C*(Re/Xl)**0.3*Xi
else:
# Eq 561
fRe = 38.4*(Re/Xl)**0.05*Xi
return fRe/Re
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [10])
def f_twisted_laminar_Agarwal(Re, D, H):
"""Calculate friction factor for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Agarwal and Raja Rao correlation (1996).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
"""
y = H/D
if Re/y < 9 or Re/y > 1000:
raise NotImplementedError("Input out of bound")
# 29
f = 1/Re/y**0.28*((75.74*(Re/y)**0.0216)**10 + (19.48*(Re/y)**0.3481)**10)
return f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [24])
def f_twisted_laminar_Saha(Re, D, H, delta, S):
"""Calculate friction factor a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Saha-Gaitonde-Date correlation (1989).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
S : float
Spacer length without twisted section, [m]
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
"""
y = H/D
s = S/D
if Re > 2300 or y > 10 or y < 3 or s < 2.5 or s > 10:
raise NotImplementedError("Input out of bound")
Dh0 = (pi*D**2*y+pi*(D**2-delta**2)*s)/((pi+2)*y*D+pi*(D+delta)*s) # Eq 21
Dh1 = ((pi*D**2-4*delta*D)*y+pi*(D**2-delta**2)*s) / \
((pi+2-2*delta/D)*y*D+pi*(D+delta)*s) # Eq 22
Ac0 = (pi*(D**2*y+(D**2-delta**2)*s))/(4*(y+s)) # Eq 23
Ac1 = ((pi*D**2-4*delta*D)*y+pi*(D**2-delta**2)*s)/(4*(y+s)) # Eq 24
xi = Dh0**2*Ac0/Dh1**2*Ac1 # Eq 20
if s <= 2.5:
if 7.5 <= y <= 10:
C = 0.0678*exp(-0.0631*y)*s-0.9936*exp(0.0069*y)+1 # Eq 25
else:
C = 0.1998*exp(-0.0631*y)*s + 0.011*y - 0.3175 # Eq 26
elif s <= 5:
if 7.5 <= y <= 10:
C = -0.0031*exp(0.1649*y)*s + 0.02812*exp(0.092*y) # Eq 27
else:
C = -3.97e-3*y*s + 0.01*s + 0.018*y - 7.15e-3 # Eq 30
elif s <= 7.5:
if 7.5 <= y <= 10:
C = -2.45e-5*exp(0.1649*y)*s - 3.51e-3*exp(0.092*y) # Eq 28
else:
C = -4.05e-3*y*s + 0.01*s + 0.018*y - 7.15e-4 # Eq 31
else:
if 7.5 <= y <= 10:
C = -6.39e-4*exp(0.1649*y)*s + 8.7e-3*exp(0.092*y) # Eq 29
else:
C = -2.96e-3*y*s + 0.01*s + 0.018*y - 0.0516 # Eq 32
C1 = 8.8201*y - 2.1193*y**2 + 0.2108*y**3 - 0.0069*y**4 # Eq 33
if Re/y <= 100:
# Eq 17
f = 38.4 * xi * Re**-0.95 * y**-0.05 * (1+C*s)
elif Re/y <= 155:
# Eq 18
f = 0.5*(38.4*xi*Re**-0.95*y**-0.05*C1*xi*Re**-0.07*y**-0.3)*(1+C*s)
else:
# Eq 19
f = C1*xi*Re**-0.07*y**-0.3*(1+C*s)
return f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [25])
def f_twisted_laminar_Date(Re, D, H):
"""Calculate friction factor a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Date-Gaitonde correlation (1990).
The paper include a complex correalation for regularly spaced twisted-tape
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
"""
y = H/D
# Eq 52
f = 10.666*(9.818-17.96/y**2)*(y-0.7)/(y-1)*(6e-4/y+0.44*Re)
return f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [7, 8])
def f_twisted_turbulent_Lopina(Re, D, H, Dh):
"""Calculate friction factor for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Lopina and Bergles correlation (1969). Only valid for turbulent flow
with Re > 5000
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Dh : float
Hydraulic diameter, [m]
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
Examples
--------
B2.2.1.2.3 in [8]_
>>> print("%0.2f" % f_twisted_turbulent_Lopina(24491, 0.61, 6.1, 1.07))
0.01
"""
# Using the modified parameter in HTRI Design Manual, section B2.1.2.1
Reh = Re*Dh/D
y = H/D
f = 3.8/y**0.406*(0.046/Reh**0.2)
return f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [9])
def f_twisted_turbulent_Naphon(Re, D, H):
"""Calculate friction factor for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Naphon correlation (2006). Only valid for turbulent flow with Re > 7000
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
"""
# Eq 9
f = 3.517/Re**0.414*(1+D/H)**1.045
return f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [12])
def f_twisted_turbulent_Smithberg(Re, D, H):
"""Calculate friction factor for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Smithberg-Landis correlation (1964). Valid for turbulent flow
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
"""
# Eq 17
n = 0.2*(1+1.7*(H/D)**-0.5)
f = (0.046 + 2.1/(H/D-0.5)**1.2) / Re**n
return 4*f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [16, 17, 18, 19, 20])
def f_twisted_turbulent_Murugesan(Re, D, H, mod="", de=None, w=None):
"""Calculate friction factor for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Murugesan-Mayilsamy-Suresh correlation (2010). Valid in turbulent flow
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Twisted tape diameter, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
mod : string
Name of modification code of twisted tape
Nails | Square cut | V cut | Trapezoidal cut
de : float, optional
Depth of V cut, [m]
w : float
Width of V cut, [m]
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
"""
if mod == "Nails":
# Eq 6
f = 28.91*Re**-0.731*(H/D)**-0.255
elif mod == "Square cut":
# Eq 18 in 17_
f = 6.936*Re**-0.579*(H/D)**-0.259
elif mod == "V cut":
# Eq 9 in 18_
f = 8.632*Re**-0.615*(H/D)**-0.269*(1+de/D)**2.477/(1+w/D)**1.914
elif mod == "Trapezoidal cut":
# Eq 22 in 19_
f = 7.401*Re**-0.587*(H/D)**-0.278
elif mod == "Vertical wings":
# Eq 19 in 20_
f = 13.769*Re**-0.65*(H/D)**-0.257
elif mod == "Horizontal wings":
# Eq 21 in 20_
f = 31.477*Re**-0.74*(H/D)**-0.24
else:
# Eq 4
f = 2.642*Re**-0.474*(H/D)**-0.302
return f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [21])
def f_twisted_turbulent_Jaisankar(Re, D, H):
"""Calculate friction factor a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Jaisankar et al. correlation (2009).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
"""
if Re < 3000:
raise NotImplementedError("Input out of bound")
# Eq 10
f = 271.1*Re**-0.947*(H/D)**-0.584
return f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46])
def f_twisted_turbulent_Eiamsaard(Re, D, H, mod="", **kw):
"""Calculate friction factor a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Eiamsa-ard et al. correlation (2010).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
mod : string
Name of modification code of twisted tape
CT | CoT | oDWT | sDWT | PCT | ST | WT | AWT | DST | TT | AT | PT | HPT
| CCC | T-Tra | T-Rec | T_Tri | STT | TW | TWA
dW : float
depth of wing cut, [m]
w : float
Peripherally-cut width
S : float
Spacer length without twisted section, [m]
beta : float
Attack angle, [ºdeg]
teta : float
Taper angle, [ºdeg]
l : float
Length of alternate axis, [m]
sP : float
Spaced-pitch length of perforated, [m]
dP : float
Diameter of perforated, [m]
tita : float
twist angle, [ºdeg]
Sw : float
Serration width, [m]
Sd : float
Serration depth, [m]
bW : boolean
Set backward wing arrangement
wW : float
Wing width, [m]
PW : float
Pitch length of wing, [m]
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
"""
# Be careful with nomenclature in papers, use y as tape width
y = H/D
if mod == "CT":
# Eq 14 from [30]_
f = 72.29 / Re**0.53 / y**1.01
elif mod == "CoT":
# Eq 16 from [30]_
f = 41.7 / Re**0.52 / y**0.84
elif mod == "oDWT":
# Eq 16 from [31]_
dW = kw.get("dW", 0)
f = 24.8 / Re**0.51 / y**0.566 * (1+dW/D)**1.87
elif mod == "sDWT":
# Eq 19 from [31]_
dW = kw.get("dW", 0)
f = 21.7 / Re**0.45 / y**0.564 * (1+dW/D)**1.41
elif mod == "PCT":
# Eq 18 from [32]_
w = kw.get("w", 0)
f = 39.46 / Re**0.591 * y**0.195 / (w/D)**0.201
elif mod == "ST":
# Eq 20 from [33]_
S = kw.get("S", 0)
f = 3.044 / y**0.556 / (S/D+1)**0.34
elif mod == "WT":
# Table 2 from [34]_
beta = kw.get("beta", 0)
f = 14.039 / Re**0.505 * (1+tan(beta))**0.406
elif mod == "AWT":
# Table 2 from [34]_
beta = kw.get("beta", 0)
f = 20.445 / Re**0.504 * (1+tan(beta))**0.283
elif mod == "DST":
# Eq 24 from [35]_
S = kw.get("S", 0)
f = 30.5 / Re**0.56 / y**0.54 / (1.5*S/D+1)**0.2
elif mod == "TT":
# Eq 20 from [38]_
teta = kw.get("teta", 0)
f = 16.559 / Re**0.49 / y**0.51 / (1+teta)**0.53
elif mod == "AT":
# Eq 18 from [39]_
l = kw.get("l", 0)
f = 75.18 / Re**0.612 / (1+l/H)**0.623
elif mod == "PT":
# Eq 13 from [40]_
sP = kw.get("sP", 0)
dP = kw.get("dP", 0)
f = 9.03 / Re**0.272 / y**0.631 / (sP/D)**0.204 * (dP/D)**0.428
elif mod == "HPT":
# Eq 7 from [45]_
sP = kw.get("sP", 0)
dP = kw.get("dP", 0)
f = 1.915 / Re**0.299 / (dP/D)**0.068 * (sP/D)**0.094
elif mod == "CCC":
# Eq 13 from [41]_
tita = kw.get("tita", 0)
f = 46.39 / Re**0.544 / y**0.77 * (1+sin(tita))**0.45
elif mod == "T-Tra":
# Eq 14 from [42]_
dW = kw.get("dW", 0)
f = 64 / Re**0.587 * (dW/D)**0.189
elif mod == "T-Rec":
# Eq 17 from [42]_
dW = kw.get("dW", 0)
f = 43.7 / Re**0.562 * (dW/D)**0.181
elif mod == "T-Tri":
# Eq 20 from [42]_
dW = kw.get("dW", 0)
f = 36 / Re**0.553 * (dW/D)**0.172
elif mod == "STT":
# Eq 20 from [44]_
Sw = kw.get("Sw", 0)
Sd = kw.get("Sd", 0)
fp = 0.786 / Re**0.33 # Eq 18
f = 3.63 / Re**0.057 / (1+Sw/D)**0.53 * (1+Sd/D)**1.86 * fp
elif mod == "TW":
bW = kw.get("bW", 0)
w = kw.get("wW", 0)
P = kw.get("PW", 0)
if bW:
# Eq 14 from [46]_
f = 0.898 / Re**0.094 / (P/D)**0.516 * (w/D)**0.655
else:
# Eq 17 from [46]_
f = 1.55 / Re**0.138 / (P/D)**0.635 * (w/D)**0.759
elif mod == "TWA":
bW = kw.get("bW", 0)
w = kw.get("wW", 0)
P = kw.get("PW", 0)
if bW:
# Eq 20 from [46]_
f = 1.09 / Re**0.098 / (P/D)**0.198 * (w/D)**0.547
else:
# Eq 23 from [46]_
f = 1.68 / Re**0.127 / (P/D)**0.198 * (w/D)**0.636
else:
# Eq 12 from [30]_
f = 65.4 / Re**0.52 / y**1.31
return f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [36])
def f_twisted_turbulent_Ponnada(Re, D, H, mod=""):
"""Calculate friction factor a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Ponnada et al. correlation (2019).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
mod : string
Name of modification code of twisted tape
PTT | PATT
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
"""
# Be careful with nomenclature in papers, use y as tape width
y = H/D
if mod == "PTT":
# Eq 23
f = 0.881 / Re**0.359 / y**0.046
elif mod == "PATT":
# Eq 25
f = 1.295 / Re**0.399 / y**0.049
else:
# Eq 21
f = 1.093 / Re**0.39 * y**0.004
return f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [43])
def f_twisted_turbulent_Bas(Re, D, H, c=0):
"""Calculate friction factor a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Bas-Ozceyhan correlation (2012).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
c : float
Distance between inner wall of tube and twisted tape insert, [m]
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
"""
# Be careful with nomenclature in papers, use y as tape width
y = H/D
if c:
# Eq 24
f = 6.544291 / Re**0.452085 / y**0.730772 / (c/D)**0.1579
else:
# Eq 26
f = 12.32 / Re**0.45 / y**0.65
return f
# Heat Transfer coefficient correlations
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [8])
def Nu_twisted_HTRI(Re, Pr, D, H, Dh, mu, muW, beta=None, dT=None, L=None):
"""Calculate Nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the correlation used in HTRI® software.
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal pipe diameter, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Dh : float
Hydraulic diameter, [m]
mu : float
Bulk flow temperature viscosity, [Pa·s]
muW : float
Wall flow temperature viscosity, [Pa·s]
L : float, optional
Length of heated pipe, [m]
beta : float, optional
Volumetric expansion coefficient, [1/K]
dT : float, optional
Temperature difference between bulk and wall, [K]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
Examples
--------
B3.1.2.4 turbulent flow
>>> beta = -2/(527+609)*(527-609)/(106-36.7)
>>> args =(23390, 4.41, 0.0158, 0.158, 0.0096, 0.000208, 1e-3, beta, 69.3)
>>> Nu = Nu_twisted_HTRI(*args)
>>> print("%0.0f" % (Nu*0.11/0.0096))
1306
laminar flow
>>> args =(1656, 8.69, 0.0211, 0.211, None, 0.000343, None, None, 12.2)
>>> Nu = Nu_twisted_HTRI(*args)
>>> print("%0.1f" % (Nu*0.107/0.0211))
157.8
"""
y = H/D
if Re <= 2000:
# Laminar flow
if Pr <= 200:
# Hong-Bergles modified correlation
Nu = 5.172*(1+5.484e-3*Pr**0.7*(2*Re/y)**1.25)**0.5
elif Pr >= 2000:
# Marner-Bergles correlation
Nu = 1.322*(pi/4*Re*Pr*D/L)**0.458*(mu/muW)**0.14
else:
NuL = Nu_twisted_HTRI(Re, 200, D, H, Dh, mu, muW)
NuH = Nu_twisted_HTRI(Re, 2000, D, H, Dh, mu, muW)
# Eq B3.1-42
Nu = Pr*(NuH-NuL)/1800 + NuL - (NuH-NuL)/9
elif Re >= 5000:
Nu = Nu_twisted_turbulent_Lopina(Re, Pr, D, H, Dh, mu, muW, beta, dT, HTRI=True)
else:
NuL = Nu_twisted_HTRI(2000, Pr, D, H, Dh, mu, muW)
NuH = Nu_twisted_HTRI(5000, Pr, D, H, Dh, mu, muW)
Nu = NuL*(5000-Re)/3000 + NuH*(Re-2000)/3000
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [4, 5])
def Nu_twisted_Manglik(Re, Pr, D, H, delta, Dh, mu, muW):
r"""Calculate Nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Manglik and Bergles correlation (1993)
In laminar flow for simplicity use only fully developed swirl flow
correlation and without thermal entrance effects and combined forced and
free convection.
.. math::
Nu = 4.612 \left(1+6.413e-9\left(Sw Pr^{0.391}\right)^{3.835}\right)^{0.2}
For turbulent flow:
.. math::
\frac{Nu}{Nu_{y=\infty}} = 1+\frac{0.769}{y}
.. math::
Nu_{y=\infty} = 0.023 Re^{0.8} Pr^{0.4}
\left(\frac{\pi}{pi-4\delta/d}\right)^{0.8}
\left(\frac{\pi+2-2\delta/d}{\pi-4\delta/d}\right)^{0.2}
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal pipe diameter, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
delta : float
Tape thickness, [m]
Dh : float
Hydraulic diameter, [m]
mu : float
Bulk flow temperature viscosity, [Pa·s]
muW : float
Wall flow temperature viscosity, [Pa·s]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
if Re <= 2000:
# Laminar flow
y = H/D
Resw = Re*(pi/(pi-4*delta/D)) * ((pi*D/H)**2)**0.5
Sw = Resw/(H/2/D)**0.5
# Eq 14
Nu = 4.612*(mu/muW)**0.14*((1 + 6.413e-9*(Sw*Pr**0.391)**3.835)**0.2)
elif Re >= 5000:
# Turbulent flow
# Eq 8-9
Nu = (1+0.769/y)*0.023*Re**0.8*Pr**0.4*(pi/(pi-4*delta/D))**0.8 \
* ((pi+2-2*delta/D)/(pi-4*delta/D))**0.2
if mu < muW:
# Cooling
n = 0.3
else:
n = 0.18
Nu *= (mu/muW)**n
else:
NuL = Nu_twisted_Manglik(2000, Pr, D, H, delta, Dh, mu, muW)
NuH = Nu_twisted_Manglik(2000, Pr, D, H, delta, Dh, mu, muW)
Nu = NuL*(5000-Re)/3000 + NuH*(Re-2000)/3000
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [15])
def Nu_twisted_Sarma(Re, Pr, D, H):
"""Calculate Nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Sarma et al. correlation (2005)
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
# Eq 8
rhs = 0.974 - 0.783*log10(Re) + 0.35*log10(Re)**2 - 0.0273*log10(Re)**3
Nu = Pr**(1/3) * (1+D/H)**2 * 10**rhs
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [27, 28, 29])
def Nu_twisted_Chang(Re, Pr, D, H, mod="", bf=False):
"""Calculate friction factor a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Chang et al. correlation (2012).
The twisted-tape have geometrical modifications:
* PT: Perforated twisted tape
* PJT: Perforated twisted tape with jaggedness
* PST: Perforated spiky twisted tape
* PJST: Perforated spicy twisted tape with jaggedness
* VST: V-notched spicy twisted tape
* SR: Serrated roughened twisted tape
* BT: Broken twisted tape
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
mod : string
Name of modification code of twisted tape
PT | PJT | PST | PJSJ | VST
bf : boolean
In jaggedness mod flow orientation is relevant, set backward flow state
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
y = H/D
# Coef for developed flow from Table 3(b)
if mod == "PT":
ai = (0.0364, 0.771, 0.363)
bi = (0.782, 0.239, 0.145)
elif mod == "PJT":
if bf:
ai = (0.0364, 0.581, 0.282)
bi = (0.782, 0.199, 0.103)
else:
ai = (0.0364, 0.732, 0.367)
bi = (0.782, 0.223, 0.161)
elif mod == "PST":
ai = (0.0452, 0.56, 0.286)
bi = (0.77, 0.184, 0.147)
elif mod == "PJST":
if bf:
ai = (0.0452, 0.416, 0.323)
bi = (0.77, 0.144, 0.098)
else:
ai = (0.0452, 0.333, 0.323)
bi = (0.77, 0.126, 0.226)
elif mod == "VST":
ai = (0.0452, 0.337, 0.204)
bi = (0.77, 0.122, 0.109)
elif mod == "BT":
# From [29]_, Eq 4
# Using only the parameter for developed flow
ai = (0.0452, 0.3, 0.141)
bi = (0.77, 0.157, 0.13)
# From [28]_
elif mod == "SR":
# Eq 7 in [28]_
ai = (0.118, 5.84, 1.83)
bi = (0.73, 0.695, 1.26)
else:
# Smooth twisted tape
# Eq 6 in [28]_
ai = (0.0364, 3.66, 1.11)
bi = (0.8, 0.375, 0.31)
A = ai[0]+ai[1]*exp(-ai[2]*y)
B = bi[0]-bi[1]*exp(-bi[2]*y)
Nu = A*Re**B*Pr**(1/3)
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [2])
def Nu_twisted_laminar_Plessis(Re, Pr, D, H, delta, Ae, De, x=None):
"""Calculate Nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Plessis and Kröger correlation (1987).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
delta : float
Tape thickness, [m]
Ae : float
Effective flow area, [m²]
De : float
Effective hydraulic diameter, [m]
x : float, optional
Length in axial flow, [m]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
y = H/D
A = pi*D**2/4
Ac = A-D*delta
# Eq 2
Psye = (D/De)**2*Ae/A
Ree = Re*A/Ae*De/D
Omge = Ree/y
if x is not None:
# Correction for flow don't fully developed
xe = x*Ac/Ae
xe_ = xe/(Ree*Pr*De)
xinf = xe_ * (1+0.04*(Omge*Pr)**3)**(1/3)
Psye *= (1+0.153*xinf**-1.05)**(1/3)
# Eq 14
Nu = 1.58*Psye*(1+6.4e-5*(Omge*Pr)**3)**0.117*(1+0.002*Omge**1.4)**(1/7)
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [6])
def Nu_twisted_laminar_Hong(Re, Pr, D, H):
"""Calculate Nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Hong and Bergles correlation (1976). Valid only for laminar region
Re < 2500
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
y = H/D
# Eq 3
Nu = 5.172*(1+5.484e-3*Pr**0.7*(Re/y)**1.25)**0.5
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [10])
def Nu_twisted_laminar_Agarwal(Re, Pr, D, H, mu, muW):
"""Calculate Nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Agarwal and Raja Rao correlation (1996).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
mu : float
Bulk flow temperature viscosity, [Pa·s]
muW : float
Wall flow temperature viscosity, [Pa·s]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
y = H/D
if Re/y < 9 or Re/y > 1000:
raise NotImplementedError("Input out of bound")
if mu > muW:
# In liquids viscosity decrease with temperature, so cooling processes
Nu = 1.365*Re**0.517*y**-1.05*Pr**(1/3)*(mu/muW)**0.14 # Eq 31
else:
# Heating processes
Nu = 0.725*Re**0.568*y**-0.788*Pr**(1/3)*(mu/muW)**0.14 # Eq 30
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [24])
def Nu_twisted_laminar_Saha(Re, Pr, D, H, delta, S):
"""Calculate Nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Saha-Gaitonde-Date correlation (1989).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
delta : float
Tape thickness, [m]
S : float
Spacer length without twisted section, [m]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
y = H/D
s = S/D
if Re > 2300 or y > 10 or y < 3 or s < 2.5 or s > 10:
raise NotImplementedError("Input out of bound")
K1 = pi*D**2*(y+s)/((pi*D**2-4*delta*D)*y+pi*(D**2-delta**2)*s) # Eq 35
if y < 7.5:
C = (0.057*y*s+0.3622)*exp((-0.0296*y-0.305)*s) # Eq 38
elif s <= 5:
C = 0.0112*y*s - 0.1233*s - 0.0629*y + 0.6948 # Eq 36
else:
C = 0.00015*y*s - 0.00377*s - 0.0056*y + 0.0751 # Eq 37
if Re < 700:
X = 1-4.0422e-2*s # Eq 39
else:
X = 1
Nu = 5.172*(1+6.7482e-3*Pr**0.7*(K1*Re/y)**1.25)**0.5*(1+C*s)*X # Eq 34
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [24])
def Nu_twisted_laminar_Klaczak(Re, Pr, D, H, delta, mu=None, muW=None):
"""Calculate Nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Klaczak correlation (2000).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
delta : float
Tape thickness, [m]
mu : float
Bulk flow temperature viscosity, [Pa·s]
muW : float
Wall flow temperature viscosity, [Pa·s]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
y = H/D
Sw = Re/y**0.5*(pi/(pi-4*delta/D)) * (1+(pi/2/y)**2)**0.5 # Eq 10
if Sw < 58 or Sw > 2300 or y > 5.29 or y < 1.62 or Pr < 2.06 or Pr > 2.73:
raise NotImplementedError("Input out of bound")
Nu = 0.858 * Pr**0.3 * Sw**0.3 # Eq 11
if mu and muW:
Nu *= (mu/muW)**0.14
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [7, 8])
def Nu_twisted_turbulent_Lopina(Re, Pr, D, H, Dh, mu, muW, beta, DT, HTRI=False):
"""Calculate Nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Lopina and Bergles correlation (1969). Only valid for turbulent flow
with Re > 5000
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Dh : float
Hydraulic diameter, [m]
mu : float
Bulk flow temperature viscosity, [Pa·s]
muW : float
Wall flow temperature viscosity, [Pa·s]
beta : float, optional
Volumetric expansion coefficient, [1/K]
dT : float, optional
Temperature difference between bulk and wall, [K]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
Reh = Re*Dh/D
y = H/D
alpha = (1+(pi/y)**2)**0.5
if HTRI:
# Use parameter used in HTRI manual
F = 1.03
x = 0.79
else:
F = 1.137
x = 0.8
if mu >= muW:
# In liquids viscosity decrease with temperature, so cooling processes
Nc = 0
else:
# Heating processes
Nc = 0.193*((2*Reh/y)**2*Dh/D*beta*DT*Pr)**(1/3)
Nu = F*(0.023*(alpha*Reh)**x * Pr**0.4 + Nc)
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [9])
def Nu_twisted_turbulent_Naphon(Re, Pr, D, H):
"""Calculate Nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Naphon correlation (2006). Only valid for turbulent flow with Re > 7000
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
# Eq 8
Nu = 0.648*Re**0.36*Pr**(1/3)*(1+D/H)**2.475
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [11])
def Nu_twisted_turbulent_Kidd(Re, Pr, D, H, L, T, Tw):
"""Calculate Nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Kidd correlation (1969).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
L : float, optional
Length of heated pipe, [m]
T : float
Bulk flow temperature, [K]
Tw : float
Wall flow temperature, [K]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
if Re < 2e4:
raise NotImplementedError("Input out of bound")
y = H/D
# Eq 3
Nu = 0.024*Re**0.8*Pr**0.4*(T/Tw)**0.7*(1+(L/D)**-0.55)*(y/(y-1))**1.1
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [12])
def Nu_twisted_turbulent_Smithberg(Re, Pr, D, H, Dh):
"""Calculate Nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Smithberg-Landis correlation (1964)
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Dh : float
Hydraulic diameter, [m]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
f = f_twisted_turbulent_Smithberg(Re, D, H)
# Eq 38
P = (1+0.0219/(H/D)**2/f)**0.5
A = 50.9*D/H/Re/f**0.5 + 0.023*D/Dh/Re**0.2/Pr**(2/3)*P
B = 1 + 700/Re/f * D/H * Dh/D * Pr**0.731
Nu = Re*Pr*A/B
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [16, 17, 18, 19, 20])
def Nu_twisted_turbulent_Murugesan(Re, Pr, D, H, mod="", de=None, w=None):
"""Calculate Nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Murugesan-Mayilsamy-Suresh correlation (2010). Valid in turbulent flow
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Tape diameter, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
mod : string
Name of modification code of twisted tape
Nails|Square cut|V cut
de : float, optional
Depth of V cut, [m]
w : float
Width of V cut, [m]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
if Re < 2000:
raise NotImplementedError("Input out of bound")
if mod == "Nails":
# Eq 5
Nu = 0.063*Re**0.789*Pr**0.33*(H/D)**-0.257
elif mod == "Square cut":
# Eq 18 in 17_
Nu = 0.041*Re**0.862*Pr**0.33*(H/D)**-0.228
elif mod == "V cut":
# Eq 8 in 18_
Nu = 0.0296*Re**0.853*Pr**0.33*(H/D)**-0.222 * (1+de/D)**1.148 \
* (1+w/D)**-0.751
elif mod == "Trapezoidal cut":
# Eq 21 in 19_
Nu = 0.034*Re**0.841*Pr**0.33*(H/D)**-0.226
elif mod == "Vertical wings":
# Eq 18 in 20_
Nu = 0.0484*Re**0.817*Pr**0.33*(H/D)**-0.263
elif mod == "Horizontal wings":
# Eq 20 in 20_
Nu = 0.071*Re**0.775*Pr**0.33*(H/D)**-0.236
else:
# Eq 4
Nu = 0.027*Re**0.862*Pr**0.33*(H/D)**-0.215
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [21])
def Nu_twisted_turbulent_Jaisankar(Re, Pr, D, H):
"""Calculate Nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Jaisankar et al. correlation (2009).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
if Re < 3000:
raise NotImplementedError("Input out of bound")
# Eq 9
Nu = 0.000115*Re**1.169*Pr**2.424*(H/D)**-0.511
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46])
def Nu_twisted_turbulent_Eiamsaard(Re, Pr, D, H, mod="", **kw):
"""Calculate nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Eiamsa-ard et al. correlation (2010).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
mod : string
Name of modification code of twisted tape
CT | CoT | oDWT | sDWT | PCT | ST | WT | AWT | DST | TT | AT | PT | HPT
| CCC | T-Tra | T-Rec | T_Tri | STT | TW | TWA
dW : float
depth of wing cut, [m]
w : float
Peripherally-cut width
S : float
Spacer length without twisted section, [m]
beta : float
Attack angle, [ºdeg]
teta : float
Taper angle, [ºdeg]
l : float
Length of alternate axis, [m]
sP : float
Spaced-pitch length of perforated, [m]
dP : float
Diameter of perforated, [m]
tita : float
twist angle, [ºdeg]
Sw : float
Serration width, [m]
Sd : float
Serration depth, [m]
bW : boolean
Set backward wing arrangement
wW : float
Wing width, [m]
PW : float
Pitch length of wing, [m]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
# Be careful with nomenclature in papers, use y as tape width
y = H/D
if mod == "CT":
# Eq 13 from [30]_
Nu = 0.473 * Re**0.66 * Pr**0.4 / y**0.9
elif mod == "CoT":
# Eq 15 from [30]_
Nu = 0.264 * Re**0.66 * Pr**0.4 / y**0.61
elif mod == "oDWT":
# Eq 15 from [31]_
dW = kw.get("dW", 0)
Nu = 0.18 * Re**0.67 * Pr**0.4 / y**0.423 * (1+dW/D)**0.982
elif mod == "sDWT":
# Eq 18 from [31]_
dW = kw.get("dW", 0)
Nu = 0.184 * Re**0.675 * Pr**0.4 / y**0.465 * (1+dW/D)**0.76
elif mod == "PCT":
# Eq 17 from [32]_
w = kw.get("w", 0)
Nu = 0.244 * Re**0.625 * Pr**0.4 * y**0.168 / (w/D)**0.112
elif mod == "ST":
# Eq 19 from [33]_
S = kw.get("S", 0)
Nu = 0.144 * Re**0.697 * Pr**0.4 / y**0.228 / (S/D+1)**0.179
elif mod == "WT":
# Table 2 from [34]_
beta = kw.get("beta", 0)
Nu = 0.232 * Re**0.595 * Pr**0.4 * (1+tan(beta))**0.202
elif mod == "AWT":
# Table 2 from [34]_
beta = kw.get("beta", 0)
Nu = 0.385 * Re**0.568 * Pr**0.4 * (1+tan(beta))**0.129
elif mod == "DST":
# Eq 23 from [35]_
S = kw.get("S", 0)
Nu = 0.069 * Re**0.74 * Pr**0.4 / y**0.26 / (1.5*S/D+1)**0.1
elif mod == "TT":
# Eq 19 from [38]_
teta = kw.get("teta", 0)
Nu = 0.076 * Re**0.75 * Pr**0.4 / y**0.39 / (1+teta)**0.1
elif mod == "AT":
# Eq 17 from [39]_
l = kw.get("l", 0)
Nu = 1.364 * Re**0.472 * Pr**0.4 / (1+l/H)**0.437
elif mod == "PT":
# Eq 12 from [40]_
sP = kw.get("sP", 0)
dP = kw.get("dP", 0)
Nu = 0.09 * Re**0.768 * Pr**0.4 / y**0.325 / (sP/D)**0.133 * (dP/D)**0.114
elif mod == "HPT":
# Eq 6 from [45]_
sP = kw.get("sP", 0)
dP = kw.get("dP", 0)
Nu = 0.035 * Re**0.795 * Pr**0.4 / (dP/D)**0.068 * (sP/D)**0.094
elif mod == "CCC":
# Eq 12 from [41]_
tita = kw.get("tita", 0)
Nu = 0.31 * Re**0.6 * Pr**0.4 / y**0.36 * (1+sin(tita))**0.44
elif mod == "T-Tra":
# Eq 13 from [42]_
dW = kw.get("dW", 0)
Nu = 0.625 * Re**0.547 * Pr**0.4 * (dW/D)**0.113
elif mod == "T-Rec":
# Eq 16 from [42]_
dW = kw.get("dW", 0)
Nu = 0.506 * Re**0.562 * Pr**0.4 * (dW/D)**0.103
elif mod == "T-Tri":
# Eq 19 from [42]_
dW = kw.get("dW", 0)
Nu = 0.404 * Re**0.58 * Pr**0.4 * (dW/D)**0.096
elif mod == "STT":
# Eq 19 from [44]_
Sw = kw.get("Sw", 0)
Sd = kw.get("Sd", 0)
Nup = 0.018 * Re**0.814 * Pr**0.4 # Eq 17
Nu = 3.877 / Re**0.103 * Pr**0.4 / (1+Sw/D)**0.13 * (1+Sd/D)**0.67 * Nup
elif mod == "TW":
bW = kw.get("bW", 0)
w = kw.get("wW", 0)
P = kw.get("PW", 0)
if bW:
# Eq 13 from [46]_
Nu = 0.101 * Re**0.733 * Pr**0.4 / (P/D)**0.265 * (w/D)**0.287
else:
# Eq 16 from [46]_
Nu = 0.112 * Re**0.731 * Pr**0.4 / (P/D)**0.283 * (w/D)**0.316
elif mod == "TWA":
bW = kw.get("bW", 0)
w = kw.get("wW", 0)
P = kw.get("PW", 0)
if bW:
# Eq 19 from [46]_
Nu = 0.128 * Re**0.723 * Pr**0.4 / (P/D)**0.188 * (w/D)**0.318
else:
# Eq 22 from [46]_
Nu = 0.139 * Re**0.723 * Pr**0.4 / (P/D)**0.198 * (w/D)**0.339
else:
# Eq 11 from [30]_
Nu = 0.224 * Re**0.66 * Pr**0.4 / y**0.6
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [36])
def Nu_twisted_turbulent_Ponnada(Re, Pr, D, H, mod=""):
"""Calculate nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Ponnada et al. correlation (2019).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
mod : string
Name of modification code of twisted tape
PTT | PATT
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
# Be careful with nomenclature in papers, use y as tape width
y = H/D
if mod == "PTT":
# Eq 22
Nu = 1.199 * Re**0.507 / Pr**0.243 / y**0.132
elif mod == "PATT":
# Eq 24
Nu = 1.161 * Re**0.509 / Pr**0.214 / y**0.141
else:
# Eq 20
Nu = 0.388 * Re**0.541 * Pr**0.212 / y**0.145
return Nu
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [43])
def Nu_twisted_turbulent_Bas(Re, Pr, D, H, c=0):
"""Calculate nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Bas-Ozceyhan correlation (2012).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
c : float
Distance between inner wall of tube and twisted tape insert, [m]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
# Be careful with nomenclature in papers, use y as tape width
if c:
# Eq 23
Nu = 0.406903 * Re**0.586556 * Pr**0.38 / (H/D)**0.443989 / (c/D)**0.055072
else:
# Eq 25
Nu = 0.6 * Re**0.57 * Pr**0.4 / (H/D)**0.45
return Nu
# Helical screw-tape
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [13, 14, 22, 23, 47, 48])
def f_helical_Sivashanmugam(Re, D, H, S=None, LR=0):
"""Calculate friction factor for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Sivashanmugam-Suresh correlation (2006) with lamanar flow correlation
for spacer from Ibrahim correlation (2011).
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
S : float
Spacer length without twisted section, [m]
LR : float
Ratio of left twist length over right twist length, [-]
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
"""
if Re > 2000:
# Turbulent flow
if LR:
# Eq 6 in [48]_
f = 129.182 / Re**0.799 / (H/D)**0.372 * LR**0.09
elif S:
# Eq 6 in 22_
f = 1 / Re**0.384 / (H/D)**0.852 / (1+S/D)**0.047
else:
# Eq 6 in 14_
f = 32.415 / Re**0.598 / (H/D)**0.7986
else:
# Laminar flow
if LR:
# Eq 6 in [47]_
f = 739.2 / Re**1.013 / (H/D)**0.634 * LR**0.234
elif S:
# Eq 12 in 23_
f = 54.41 / Re**0.87 / (1+S/D)**0.045 / (H/D)**0.146
else:
# Eq 6 in 13_
f = 10.7564 / Re**0.387 / (H/D)**1.054
return f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [13, 14, 22, 23, 47, 48])
def Nu_helical_Sivashanmugam(Re, Pr, D, H, S=None, LR=0):
"""Calculate Nusselt number for a pipe with a twisted-tape insert using
the Sivashanmugam-Suresh correlation (2006) with lamanar flow correlation
for spacer from Ibrahim correlation (2011).
Correlation for helical screw-tape insert valid for all flow regimen, using
turbulent correlation for transition regimen.
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
S : float
Spacer length without twisted section, [m]
LR : float
Ratio of left twist length over right twist length, [-]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
if Re > 2000:
# Turbulent flow
if LR:
# Eq 5 in [48]_
Nu = 0.114 * Re**0.622 * Pr / (H/D)**0.12 * LR**0.036
elif S:
# Eq 5 in 22_
Nu = 0.258 * Re**0.554 * Pr / (H/D)**0.242 / (1+S/D)**0.042
else:
# Eq 5 in 14_
Nu = 0.4675 * Re**0.4774 * Pr / (H/D)**0.2138
else:
# Laminar flow
if LR:
# Eq 5 in [47]_
Nu = 0.196 * Re**0.608 * Pr / (H/D)**0.386 * LR**0.118
elif S:
# Eq 11 in 23_
Nu = 6.11 * Re**0.199 * (1+S/D)**-0.064 / (H/D)**0.318
else:
# Eq 6 in 13_
Nu = 0.017 * Re**0.996 * Pr / (H/D)**0.5437
return Nu
# Hollow twisted-tape
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [37])
def f_hollow_He(Re, D, C):
"""Calculate friction factor for a pipe with a hollow twisted-tape insert
using the He et al. correlation (2018)
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
C : float
Hollow width of the cross hollow twisted tape, [m]
Returns
-------
f : float
Friction factor, [-]
"""
c = C/D
# Eq 17
f = 9.348 / Re**0.3959 * (5.53*c**3 + 2.578*c**2 - 7.307*c + 3.499)
return f
[docs]
@refDoc(__doi__, [37])
def Nu_hollow_He(Re, Pr, D, C):
"""Calculate nusselt number for a pipe with a hollow twisted-tape insert
using the He et al. correlation (2018)
Parameters
----------
Re : float
Reynolds number, [-]
Pr : float
Prandtl number, [-]
D : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
C : float
Hollow width of the cross hollow twisted tape, [m]
Returns
-------
Nu : float
Nusselt number, [-]
"""
c = C/D
# Eq 16
Nu = 0.3415 * Re**0.5911 * Pr**0.32 * \
(0.9058*c**3 + 0.5439*c**2 - 1.345*c + 1.271)
return Nu
[docs]
class TwistedTape(CallableEntity):
"""Twisted-tape insert used in heat exchanger to improve efficiency.
This tape, generally a thin metal strip, is twisted about its longitudinal
axis
Parameters
----------
methodFrictionLaminar : integer
Index of method used for friction factor calculation in laminar flow
methodFTurbulent: integer
Index of method used for friction factor calculation in turbulent flow
methodHeatLaminar : integer
Index of method used for heat transfer calculation in laminar flow
methodHeatTurbulent : integer
Index of method used for heat transfer calculation in turbulent flow
H : float
Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º), [m]
Dt : float
Internal diameter of tube, [m]
delta : float
Tape thickness, [m]
"""
TEXT_LAMINAR_FRICTION = (
"Manglik-Bergles (1993)",
"Plessis-Kröger (1984)",
"Shah-London (1978)",
"Agarwal-Rao (1996)",
"Sarma (2005)",
"Saha-Gaitonde-Date (1989)",
"Date-Gaitonde (1990)",
"Chang (2012)")
TEXT_TURBULENT_FRICTION = (
"Manglik-Bergles (1993)",
"Lopina-Bergles (1969)",
"Naphon (2006)",
"Sarma (2005)",
"Smithberg-Landis (1964)",
"Murugesan (2010)",
"Jaisankar (2009)",
"Chang (2012)",
"Eiamsa-ard (2010)",
"Ponnada (2019)",
"Bas-Ozceyhan (2012)")
TEXT_LAMINAR_HEAT = (
"HTRI",
"Manglik-Bergles (1993)",
"Plessis-Kröger (1984)",
"Hong-Bergles (1976)",
"Agarwal-Rao (1996)",
"Sarma (2005)",
"Saha-Gaitonde-Date (1989)",
"Klaczak (2000)",
"Chang (2012)")
TEXT_TURBULENT_HEAT = (
"HTRI",
"Manglik-Bergles (1993)",
"Lopina-Bergles (1969)",
"Naphon (2006)",
"Kidd (1969)",
"Sarma (2005)",
"Smithberg-Landis (1964)",
"Murugesan (2010)",
"Jaisankar (2009)",
"Chang (2012)",
"Eiamsa-ard (2010)",
"Ponnada (2019)",
"Bas-Ozceyhan (2012)")
TEXT_MURUGESAN = (
"",
"Nails",
"Square cut",
"V cut",
"Trapezoidal cut",
"Vertical wings",
"Horizontal wings")
TEXT_CHANG = ("", "PT", "PJT", "PST", "PJST", "VST", "SR", "BT")
TEXT_CHANG_TOOLTIP = (
"",
translate("twistedtape", "Perforated twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Perforated twisted tape with jaggedness"),
translate("twistedtape", "Perforated spiky twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Perforated spiky twisted tape with jaggedness"),
translate("twistedtape", "V-notched spiky twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Serrated roughened twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Broken twisted tape"))
TEXT_EIAMSA = ("", "CT", "CoT", "oDWT", "sDWT", "PCT", "WT", "AWT", "ST",
"DST", "TT", "AT", "PT", "HPT", "CCC", "T-Tra", "T-Rec",
"T-Tri", "STT", "TW", "TWA")
TEXT_EIAMSA_TOOLTIP = (
"",
translate("twistedtape", "Twin counter twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Twin co-twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Oblique delta-winglet twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Straight delta-winglet twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Peripherally-cut twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Twisted tape with centre wings"),
translate("twistedtape", "Twisted tape with centre wings and alternate axes"),
translate("twistedtape", "Regularly-spaced twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Regularly-spaced dual twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Tapered twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Alternate axes twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Perforated twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Perforated helical twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Alternate clockwise and counter-clockwise twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Twisted tape with trapezoid wings"),
translate("twistedtape", "Twisted tape with rectangular wings"),
translate("twistedtape", "Twisted tape with triangular wings"),
translate("twistedtape", "Serrated twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Delta wings twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Delta wings twisted tape with alternate axis"))
TEXT_PONNADA = ("", "PTT", "PATT")
TEXT_PONNADA_TOOLTIP = (
"",
translate("twistedtape", "Perforated twisted tape"),
translate("twistedtape", "Perforated twisted tape with alternate axis"))
# Helical screw tape
# "Sivashanmugam-Suresh-Ibrahim (2006)"
# Hollow twisted-tape
# "He (2018)"
status = 0
msg = ""
kw = {
"methodFrictionLaminar": 0,
"methodFTurbulent": 0,
"methodHeatLaminar": 0,
"methodHeatTurbulent": 0,
"H": 0,
"Dt": 0,
"delta": 0,
"S": 0,
"isHelical": False,
"LR": 0,
"isHollow": False,
"C": 0,
"modMurugesan": "",
"Vcut_w": 0,
"Vcut_De": 0,
"modChang": "",
"bf": False,
"modEiamsa": "",
"dW": 0,
"w": 0,
"beta": 0,
"teta": 0,
"l": 0,
"sP": 0,
"dP": 0,
"tita": 0,
"Sw": 0,
"Sd": 0,
"bW": False,
"wW": 0,
"PW": 0,
"c": 0,
"modPonnada": ""}
valueChanged = QtCore.pyqtSignal(object)
inputChanged = QtCore.pyqtSignal(object)
@property
def isCalculable(self):
"""Check if all input are defined"""
if not self.kw["H"]:
self.msg = translate("equipment", "undefined tape pitch")
self.status = 0
return False
if not self.kw["Dt"]:
self.msg = translate("equipment", "undefined tape diameter")
self.status = 0
return False
if not self.kw["delta"]:
self.msg = translate("equipment", "undefined tape thickness")
self.status = 0
return False
if self.kw["isHollow"] and not self.kw["C"]:
self.msg = translate("equipment", "undefined hollow width")
self.status = 0
return False
self.msg = ""
self.status = 1
return True
[docs]
def calculo(self):
"""Definition of twisted tape inserts"""
# Geometrical definition of parameters in [1]_
self.H = self.kw["H"]
self.Dt = self.kw["Dt"]
self.delta = self.kw["delta"]
# Helical factor, Eq 2
self.G = Dimensionless((1+pi**2/self.Dt**2/4/self.H**2)**0.5)
# Effective cross-sectional flow area, Eq 3
self.Ae = Area(2*self.H**2/pi*(self.G-1) - self.Dt*self.delta)
# Effective wetted perimeter, Eq 4
self.Pe = Length(2 * (self.Dt - self.delta + pi*self.Dt/2/self.G))
# Effective hydraulic diameter, Eq 7
self.De = Length(4*self.Ae/self.Pe)
# Area tube without tape
self.A = pi*self.Dt**2/4
# Tape twist parameter
self.y = Dimensionless(self.H/self.Dt)
# Helix angle
self.alpha = atan(pi/2/self.y)
self.valueChanged.emit(self)
[docs]
def Nu(self, Re, Pr, mu, muW, beta, dT, L, method=None):
"""Calculate nusselt number"""
msg = ""
if self.kw["isHelical"]:
Nu = Nu_helical_Sivashanmugam(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H, self.kw["S"], self.kw["LR"])
return Nu
if self.kw["isHollow"]:
Nu = Nu_hollow_He(Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.kw["C"])
return Nu
if Re < 2000:
# Laminar methods
if method is None:
method = self.kw["methodHeatLaminar"]
if method == 1:
# Manglik-Bergles (1993)
Nu = Nu_twisted_Manglik(Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H,
self.delta, self.De, mu, muW)
elif method == 2:
# Plessis-Kröger (1987)
Nu = Nu_twisted_laminar_Plessis(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H, self.delta, self.Ae, self.De)
elif method == 3:
# Hong-Bergles (1976)
Nu = Nu_twisted_laminar_Hong(Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H)
elif method == 4:
# Agarwal-Rao (1996)
try:
Nu = Nu_twisted_laminar_Agarwal(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H, mu, muW)
except NotImplementedError:
Nu = self.Nu(Re, Pr, mu, muW, beta, dT, L, method=0)
msg = "Agarwal correlation out of range, using HTRI instead"
elif method == 5:
# Sarma (2005)
Nu = Nu_twisted_Sarma(Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H)
elif method == 6:
# Saha-Gaitonde-Date (1989)
try:
Nu = Nu_twisted_laminar_Saha(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H, self.delta, self.kw["S"])
except NotImplementedError:
Nu = self.Nu(Re, Pr, mu, muW, beta, dT, L, method=0)
msg = "Saha-Gaitonde-Date correlation out of range, "
msg += "using HTRI instead"
elif method == 7:
# Klaczak (2000)
try:
Nu = Nu_twisted_laminar_Klaczak(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H, self.delta, mu, muW)
except NotImplementedError:
Nu = self.Nu(Re, Pr, mu, muW, beta, dT, L, method=0)
msg = "Klaczak correlation out of range, using HTRI instead"
elif method == 8:
# Chang (2012)
Nu = Nu_twisted_Chang(Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H,
self.kw["modChang"], self.kw["bf"])
else:
# HTRI
Nu = Nu_twisted_HTRI(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H, self.De, mu, muW, beta, dT, L)
else:
# Turbulent methods
if method is None:
method = self.kw["methodHeatTurbulent"]
if method == 1:
# Manglik-Bergles (1993)
Nu = Nu_twisted_Manglik(Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H,
self.delta, self.De, mu, muW)
elif method == 2:
# Lopina-Bergles (1969)
Nu = Nu_twisted_turbulent_Lopina(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H, self.De, mu, muW, beta, dT)
elif method == 3:
# Naphon (2006)
Nu = Nu_twisted_turbulent_Naphon(Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H)
elif method == 4:
# Kidd (1969)
Nu = Nu_twisted_turbulent_Kidd(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H, L, 1, 1)
elif method == 5:
# Sarma (2005)
Nu = Nu_twisted_Sarma(Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H)
elif method == 6:
# Smithberg-Landis (1964)
Nu = Nu_twisted_turbulent_Smithberg(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H, self.De)
elif method == 7:
# Murugesan (2010)
if self.kw["modMurugesan"] == "V cut" and self.kw["Vcut_De"] \
and self.kw["Vcut_w"]:
Nu = Nu_twisted_turbulent_Murugesan(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H, self.kw["modMurugesan"],
self.kw["Vcut_De"], self.kw["Vcut_w"])
elif self.kw["modMurugesan"] == "V cut":
Nu = Nu_twisted_turbulent_Murugesan(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H)
msg = "V cut twisted tape geometry don't defined, using "
msg += "plain twisted tape instead"
else:
Nu = Nu_twisted_turbulent_Murugesan(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H, self.kw["modMurugesan"])
elif method == 8:
# Jaisankar
Nu = Nu_twisted_turbulent_Jaisankar(Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H)
elif method == 9:
# Chang (2012)
Nu = Nu_twisted_Chang(Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H,
self.kw["modChang"], self.kw["bf"])
elif method == 10:
# Eiamsa-ard (2010)
kw = {"mod": self.kw["modEiamsa"],
"dW": self.kw["dW"],
"w": self.kw["w"],
"S": self.kw["S"],
"beta": self.kw["beta"],
"l": self.kw["l"],
"teta": self.kw["teta"],
"sP": self.kw["sP"],
"dP": self.kw["dP"],
"tita": self.kw["tita"],
"Sw": self.kw["Sw"],
"Sd": self.kw["Sd"],
"bW": self.kw["bW"],
"wW": self.kw["wW"],
"PW": self.kw["PW"]}
if self.kw["modEiamsa"] in (
"oDWT", "sDWT", "T-Tra", "T-Rec", "T-Tri") \
and not self.kw["dW"]:
kw["mod"] = ""
msg = "Depth of wing cut don't defined, using plain "
msg += "twisted tape instead"
elif self.kw["modEiamsa"] == "PCT" and not self.kw["w"]:
kw["mod"] = ""
msg = "Peripherally-cut width don't defined, using plain "
msg += "twisted tape instead"
elif "PT" in self.kw["modEiamsa"] and \
(not self.kw["sP"] or not self.kw["dP"]):
kw["mod"] = ""
msg = "Perforated geometry don't defined, using plain "
msg += "twisted tape instead"
elif "TW" in self.kw["modEiamsa"] and \
(not self.kw["wW"] or not self.kw["PW"]):
kw["mod"] = ""
msg = "Delta wing don't defined, using plain "
msg += "twisted tape instead"
Nu = Nu_twisted_turbulent_Eiamsaard(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H, **kw)
elif method == 11:
# Ponnada (2019)
Nu = Nu_twisted_turbulent_Ponnada(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H, self.kw["modPonnada"])
elif method == 12:
# Bas-Ozceyhan (2012)
Nu = Nu_twisted_turbulent_Bas(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H, self.kw["c"])
else:
# HTRI
Nu = Nu_twisted_HTRI(
Re, Pr, self.Dt, self.H, self.De, mu, muW, beta, dT, L)
if msg:
self.status = 3
self.msg = translate("equipment", msg)
self.inputChanged.emit(self)
return Nu
[docs]
def f(self, Re, method=None):
"""Calculate friction factor"""
msg = ""
if self.kw["isHelical"]:
f = f_helical_Sivashanmugam(
Re, self.Dt, self.H, self.kw["S"], self.kw["LR"])
return f
if self.kw["isHollow"]:
f = f_hollow_He(Re, self.Dt, self.kw["C"])
return f
if Re < 2000:
# Laminar methods
if method is None:
method = self.kw["methodFrictionLaminar"]
if method == 1:
# Plessis-Kröger (1984)
f = f_twisted_laminar_Plessis(
Re, self.Dt, self.H, self.delta, self.Ae, self.De)
elif method == 2:
# Shah-London (1978)
f = f_twisted_laminar_Shah(Re, self.Dt, self.H, self.delta)
elif method == 3:
# Agarwal-Rao (1996)
try:
f = f_twisted_laminar_Agarwal(Re, self.Dt, self.H)
except NotImplementedError:
f = self.f(Re, 0)
msg = "Agarwal correlation out of range, "
msg += "using Manglik instead"
elif method == 4:
# Sarma (2005)
f = f_twisted_Sarma(Re, self.Dt, self.H)
elif method == 5:
# Saha-Gaitonde-Date (1989)
try:
f = f_twisted_laminar_Saha(
Re, self.Dt, self.H, self.delta, self.kw["S"])
except NotImplementedError:
f = self.f(Re, 0)
msg = "Saha-Gaitonde-Date correlation out of range, "
msg += "using Manglik instead"
elif method == 6:
# Date-Gaitonde (1990)
f = f_twisted_laminar_Date(Re, self.Dt, self.H)
elif method == 7:
# Chang (2012)
f = f_twisted_Chang(
Re, self.Dt, self.H, self.kw["modChang"], self.kw["bf"])
else:
# Manglik-Bergles (1993)
f = f_twisted_Manglik(Re, self.Dt, self.H, self.delta, self.De)
else:
# Turbulent methods
if method is None:
method = self.kw["methodFTurbulent"]
if method == 1:
# Lopina-Bergles (1969)
f = f_twisted_turbulent_Lopina(Re, self.Dt, self.H, self.De)
elif method == 2:
# Naphon (2006)
f = f_twisted_turbulent_Naphon(Re, self.Dt, self.H)
elif method == 3:
# Sarma (2005)
f = f_twisted_Sarma(Re, self.Dt, self.H)
elif method == 4:
# Smithberg-Landis (1964)
f = f_twisted_turbulent_Smithberg(Re, self.Dt, self.H)
elif method == 5:
# Murugesan (2010)
if self.kw["modMurugesan"] == "V cut" and self.kw["Vcut_De"] \
and self.kw["Vcut_w"]:
f = f_twisted_turbulent_Murugesan(
Re, self.Dt, self.H, self.kw["modMurugesan"],
self.kw["Vcut_w"], self.kw["Vcut_De"])
elif self.kw["modMurugesan"] == "V cut":
f = f_twisted_turbulent_Murugesan(Re, self.Dt, self.H)
msg = "V cut twisted tape geometry don't defined, using "
msg += "plain twisted tape instead"
else:
f = f_twisted_turbulent_Murugesan(
Re, self.Dt, self.H, self.kw["modMurugesan"])
elif method == 6:
# Jaisankar (2009)
f = f_twisted_turbulent_Jaisankar(Re, self.Dt, self.H)
elif method == 7:
# Chang (2012)
f = f_twisted_Chang(
Re, self.Dt, self.H, self.kw["modChang"], self.kw["bf"])
elif method == 8:
# Eiamsa-ard (2010)
kw = {"mod": self.kw["modEiamsa"],
"dW": self.kw["dW"],
"w": self.kw["w"],
"S": self.kw["S"],
"beta": self.kw["beta"],
"l": self.kw["l"],
"teta": self.kw["teta"],
"sP": self.kw["sP"],
"dP": self.kw["dP"],
"tita": self.kw["tita"],
"Sw": self.kw["Sw"],
"Sd": self.kw["Sd"],
"bW": self.kw["bW"],
"wW": self.kw["wW"],
"PW": self.kw["PW"]}
if self.kw["modEiamsa"] in (
"oDWT", "sDWT", "T-Tra", "T-Rec", "T-Tri") \
and not self.kw["dW"]:
kw["mod"] = ""
msg = "Depth of wing cut don't defined, using plain "
msg += "twisted tape instead"
elif self.kw["modEiamsa"] == "PCT" and not self.kw["w"]:
kw["mod"] = ""
msg = "Peripherally-cut width don't defined, using plain "
msg += "twisted tape instead"
elif "PT" in self.kw["modEiamsa"] and \
(not self.kw["sP"] or not self.kw["dP"]):
kw["mod"] = ""
msg = "Perforated geometry don't defined, using plain "
msg += "twisted tape instead"
elif "TW" in self.kw["modEiamsa"] and \
(not self.kw["wW"] or not self.kw["PW"]):
kw["mod"] = ""
msg = "Delta wing don't defined, using plain "
msg += "twisted tape instead"
f = f_twisted_turbulent_Eiamsaard(Re, self.Dt, self.H, **kw)
elif method == 9:
# Ponnada (2019)
f = f_twisted_turbulent_Ponnada(
Re, self.Dt, self.H, self.kw["modPonnada"])
elif method == 10:
# Bas-Ozceyhan (2012)
f = f_twisted_turbulent_Bas(Re, self.Dt, self.H, self.kw["c"])
else:
# Manglik-Bergles (1993)
f = f_twisted_Manglik(Re, self.Dt, self.H, self.delta, self.De)
if msg:
self.status = 3
self.msg = translate("equipment", msg)
self.inputChanged.emit(self)
return f
[docs]
class UI_TwistedTape(ToolGui):
"""Twisted-tape insert dialog"""
title = translate("equipment", "Use twisted tape insert")
[docs]
def loadUI(self):
"""Add widget"""
self.Entity = TwistedTape()
lyt = self.wdg.layout()
self.twisted = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.tr(
"Tipical twisted-tape inserts"))
self.twisted.setChecked(True)
self.twisted.toggled.connect(self.setVisibleMod)
lyt.addWidget(self.twisted, 1, 1, 1, 2)
groupMethods = QtWidgets.QWidget()
lytM = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(groupMethods)
lytM.addItem(QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(
20, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Fixed,
QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Fixed), 1, 0)
lbl = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Laminar Flow"))
lbl.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignCenter
| QtCore.Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignVCenter)
lytM.addWidget(lbl, 1, 2)
lbl = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Turbulent Flow"))
lbl.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignCenter
| QtCore.Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignVCenter)
lytM.addWidget(lbl, 1, 3)
lytM.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel(
self.tr("Friction factor method")), 2, 1)
self.methodFrictionLaminar = QtWidgets.QComboBox()
for method in TwistedTape.TEXT_LAMINAR_FRICTION:
self.methodFrictionLaminar.addItem(method)
self.methodFrictionLaminar.currentIndexChanged.connect(
partial(self.changeParams, "methodFrictionLaminar"))
self.methodFrictionLaminar.currentTextChanged.connect(
self.setVisibleMod)
lytM.addWidget(self.methodFrictionLaminar, 2, 2)
self.methodFTurbulent = QtWidgets.QComboBox()
for method in TwistedTape.TEXT_TURBULENT_FRICTION:
self.methodFTurbulent.addItem(method)
self.methodFTurbulent.currentIndexChanged.connect(
partial(self.changeParams, "methodFTurbulent"))
self.methodFTurbulent.currentTextChanged.connect(
self.setVisibleMod)
lytM.addWidget(self.methodFTurbulent, 2, 3)
lytM.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel(
self.tr("Heat transfer method")), 3, 1)
self.methodHeatLaminar = QtWidgets.QComboBox()
for method in TwistedTape.TEXT_LAMINAR_HEAT:
self.methodHeatLaminar.addItem(method)
self.methodHeatLaminar.currentIndexChanged.connect(
partial(self.changeParams, "methodHeatLaminar"))
self.methodHeatLaminar.currentTextChanged.connect(self.setVisibleMod)
lytM.addWidget(self.methodHeatLaminar, 3, 2)
self.methodHeatTurbulent = QtWidgets.QComboBox()
for method in TwistedTape.TEXT_TURBULENT_HEAT:
self.methodHeatTurbulent.addItem(method)
self.methodHeatTurbulent.currentIndexChanged.connect(
partial(self.changeParams, "methodHeatTurbulent"))
self.methodHeatTurbulent.currentTextChanged.connect(self.setVisibleMod)
lytM.addWidget(self.methodHeatTurbulent, 3, 3)
lytM.addItem(QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(
10, 10, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Fixed,
QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Fixed), 4, 1)
lyt.addWidget(groupMethods, 2, 1, 1, 2)
self.twisted.toggled.connect(groupMethods.setEnabled)
self.helical = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.tr(
"Helical screw-tape inserts"))
self.helical.toggled.connect(self.setEnableHelical)
lyt.addWidget(self.helical, 3, 1, 1, 3)
self.hollow = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.tr(
"Hollow twisted-tape inserts"))
self.hollow.toggled.connect(self.setEnableHollow)
lyt.addWidget(self.hollow, 4, 1, 1, 3)
lyt.addItem(QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(
20, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Fixed,
QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Fixed), 5, 1, 1, 2)
label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Tape pitch"))
label.setToolTip(self.tr("Tape pitch for twist of π radians (180º)"))
lyt.addWidget(label, 6, 1)
self.H = Entrada_con_unidades(Length)
self.H.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "H"))
lyt.addWidget(self.H, 6, 2)
lyt.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Tape diameter")), 7, 1)
self.Dt = Entrada_con_unidades(Length, "PipeDiameter")
self.Dt.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "Dt"))
lyt.addWidget(self.Dt, 7, 2)
lyt.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Tape thickness")), 8, 1)
self.delta = Entrada_con_unidades(Length, "Thickness")
self.delta.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "delta"))
lyt.addWidget(self.delta, 8, 2)
self.lblS = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Spacer length"))
lyt.addWidget(self.lblS, 9, 1)
self.S = Entrada_con_unidades(Length)
self.S.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "S"))
lyt.addWidget(self.S, 9, 2)
self.lblC = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Hollow width"))
lyt.addWidget(self.lblC, 10, 1)
self.C = Entrada_con_unidades(Length)
self.C.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "C"))
lyt.addWidget(self.C, 10, 2)
self.lblLR = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("LR Ratio"))
self.lblLR.setToolTip(self.tr(
"Ratio between left and right twist sections length"))
lyt.addWidget(self.lblLR, 10, 1)
self.LR = Entrada_con_unidades(float)
self.LR.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "LR"))
lyt.addWidget(self.LR, 10, 2)
# Murugesan additional parameters
self.groupMurugesan = QtWidgets.QWidget()
lytMuru = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.groupMurugesan)
lytMuru.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr(
"Murugesan correlation modification")), 1, 1, 1, 2)
self.modMurugesan = QtWidgets.QComboBox()
for method in TwistedTape.TEXT_MURUGESAN:
self.modMurugesan.addItem(method)
self.modMurugesan.currentTextChanged.connect(
partial(self.changeParams, "modMurugesan"))
self.modMurugesan.currentTextChanged.connect(self.setEnable_Murugesan)
lytMuru.addWidget(self.modMurugesan, 1, 3)
self.lblDe = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Depth of V cut"))
lytMuru.addWidget(self.lblDe, 2, 2)
self.De = Entrada_con_unidades(Length, "thickness")
self.De.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "Vcut_De"))
lytMuru.addWidget(self.De, 2, 3)
self.lblVcut_w = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Widgth of V cut"))
lytMuru.addWidget(self.lblVcut_w, 3, 2)
self.Vcut_w = Entrada_con_unidades(Length, "thickness")
self.Vcut_w.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "Vcut_w"))
lytMuru.addWidget(self.Vcut_w, 3, 3)
lytMuru.addItem(QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(
10, 10, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding,
QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Fixed), 4, 4)
lyt.addWidget(self.groupMurugesan, 11, 1, 1, 2)
# Chang-Guo additional parameters
self.groupChang = QtWidgets.QWidget()
lytChang = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.groupChang)
lytChang.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr(
"Chan-Guo correlation modification")), 1, 1, 1, 2)
self.modChang = QtWidgets.QComboBox()
for method, txt in zip(TwistedTape.TEXT_CHANG, TwistedTape.TEXT_CHANG_TOOLTIP):
if method and txt:
self.modChang.addItem(f"{method} - {txt}")
else:
self.modChang.addItem("")
self.modChang.currentTextChanged.connect(self.changeModChang)
lytChang.addWidget(self.modChang, 1, 3)
lytChang.addItem(QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(
20, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Fixed,
QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Fixed), 2, 1)
self.checkBF = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(self.tr("Backward flow"))
self.checkBF.toggled.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "bf"))
lytChang.addWidget(self.checkBF, 2, 2)
lytChang.addItem(QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(
10, 10, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding,
QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Fixed), 3, 4)
lyt.addWidget(self.groupChang, 12, 1, 1, 2)
# Eiamsa-ard additional parameters
self.groupEiamsa = QtWidgets.QWidget()
lytEiamsa = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.groupEiamsa)
lytEiamsa.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr(
"Eiamsa-ard correlation modification")), 1, 1, 1, 2)
self.modEiamsa = QtWidgets.QComboBox()
for method, txt in zip(TwistedTape.TEXT_EIAMSA, TwistedTape.TEXT_EIAMSA_TOOLTIP):
if method and txt:
self.modEiamsa.addItem(f"{method} - {txt}")
else:
self.modEiamsa.addItem("")
self.modEiamsa.currentTextChanged.connect(self.changeModEiamsa)
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.modEiamsa, 1, 3)
self.lbldW = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Depth of wing cut"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.lbldW, 2, 2)
self.dW = Entrada_con_unidades(Length, "thickness")
self.dW.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "dW"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.dW, 2, 3)
self.lblw = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Peripherally-cut width"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.lblw, 3, 2)
self.w = Entrada_con_unidades(Length, "thickness")
self.w.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "w"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.w, 3, 3)
self.lblbeta = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Attack angle"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.lblbeta, 4, 2)
self.beta = Entrada_con_unidades(Angle)
self.beta.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "beta"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.beta, 4, 3)
self.lblteta = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Taper angle"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.lblteta, 5, 2)
self.teta = Entrada_con_unidades(Angle)
self.teta.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "teta"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.teta, 5, 3)
self.lbll = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Alternate axes length"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.lbll, 6, 2)
self.l = Entrada_con_unidades(Length)
self.l.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "l"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.l, 6, 3)
self.lbldP = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Diameter of perforated"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.lbldP, 7, 2)
self.dP = Entrada_con_unidades(Length, "thickness")
self.dP.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "dP"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.dP, 7, 3)
self.lblsP = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Spaced-pitch length of perforated"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.lblsP, 8, 2)
self.sP = Entrada_con_unidades(Length, "thickness")
self.sP.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "sP"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.sP, 8, 3)
self.lbltita = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr(
"Angle between alternate sections"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.lbltita, 9, 2)
self.tita = Entrada_con_unidades(Angle)
self.tita.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "tita"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.tita, 9, 3)
self.lblSw = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Serration width"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.lblSw, 10, 2)
self.Sw = Entrada_con_unidades(Length, "thickness")
self.Sw.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "Sw"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.Sw, 10, 3)
self.lblSd = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Serration depth"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.lblSd, 11, 2)
self.Sd = Entrada_con_unidades(Length, "thickness")
self.Sd.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "Sd"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.Sd, 11, 3)
self.checkBW = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(self.tr("Backward flow"))
self.checkBW.toggled.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "bW"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.checkBW, 12, 2, 1, 2)
self.lblwW = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Wing width"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.lblwW, 13, 2)
self.wW = Entrada_con_unidades(Length, "thickness")
self.wW.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "wW"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.wW, 13, 3)
self.lblPW = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Pitch length of wing"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.lblPW, 14, 2)
self.PW = Entrada_con_unidades(Length, "thickness")
self.PW.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "PW"))
lytEiamsa.addWidget(self.PW, 14, 3)
lyt.addWidget(self.groupEiamsa, 13, 1, 1, 2)
# Ponnada additional parameters
self.groupPonnada = QtWidgets.QWidget()
lytPonnada = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.groupPonnada)
lytPonnada.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr(
"Ponnada correlation modification")), 1, 1, 1, 2)
self.modPonnada = QtWidgets.QComboBox()
for method, txt in zip(TwistedTape.TEXT_PONNADA, TwistedTape.TEXT_PONNADA_TOOLTIP):
if method and txt:
self.modPonnada.addItem(f"{method} - {txt}")
else:
self.modPonnada.addItem("")
self.modPonnada.currentTextChanged.connect(self.changeModPonnada)
lytPonnada.addWidget(self.modPonnada, 1, 3)
lytPonnada.addItem(QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(
10, 10, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding,
QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Policy.Fixed), 3, 4)
lyt.addWidget(self.groupPonnada, 14, 1, 1, 2)
# Bas-Ozceyhan aditional parameter
self.lblc = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.tr("Clearance"))
self.lblc.setToolTip(self.tr(
"Clearance between inner wall and twisted tape"))
lyt.addWidget(self.lblc, 10, 1)
self.c = Entrada_con_unidades(Length, "Thickness")
self.c.valueChanged.connect(partial(self.changeParams, "c"))
lyt.addWidget(self.c, 10, 2)
self.Entity.valueChanged.connect(self.valueChanged.emit)
self.Entity.inputChanged.connect(self.populate)
self.setVisibleMod()
self.lblC.setVisible(False)
self.C.setVisible(False)
self.lblLR.setVisible(False)
self.LR.setVisible(False)
[docs]
def changeModChang(self, txt):
"""Extract code from txt"""
if txt:
txt = txt.split(" - ")[0]
self.changeParams("modChang", txt)
self.checkBF.setEnabled("J" in txt)
[docs]
def changeModEiamsa(self, txt):
"""Extract code from txt"""
self.setEnable_Eiamsa(txt)
if txt:
txt = txt.split(" - ")[0]
self.changeParams("modEiamsa", txt)
[docs]
def changeModPonnada(self, txt):
"""Extract code from txt"""
if txt:
txt = txt.split(" - ")[0]
self.changeParams("modPonnada", txt)
[docs]
def setVisibleMod(self):
"""Enable widget with special parameters for selected method"""
twisted = self.twisted.isChecked()
# Murugesan method
if twisted and (self.methodHeatTurbulent.currentText() == "Murugesan (2010)" or
self.methodFTurbulent.currentText() == "Murugesan (2010)"):
self.groupMurugesan.setVisible(True)
else:
self.groupMurugesan.setVisible(False)
self.setEnable_Murugesan(twisted and self.modMurugesan.currentText())
# Saha use Spacer special parameter
self.setEnableSpacer()
# Chang method
if twisted and (self.methodHeatTurbulent.currentText() == "Chang (2012)" or
self.methodFTurbulent.currentText() == "Chang (2012)" or
self.methodHeatLaminar.currentText() == "Chang (2012)" or
self.methodFrictionLaminar.currentText() == "Chang (2012)"):
self.groupChang.setVisible(True)
else:
self.groupChang.setVisible(False)
self.checkBF.setEnabled(twisted and "J" in self.modChang.currentText())
# Eiamsa-ard method
if twisted and (self.methodHeatTurbulent.currentText() == "Eiamsa-ard (2010)" or
self.methodFTurbulent.currentText() == "Eiamsa-ard (2010)"):
self.groupEiamsa.setVisible(True)
else:
self.groupEiamsa.setVisible(False)
self.setEnable_Eiamsa(self.modEiamsa.currentText())
# Ponnada method
if twisted and (self.methodHeatTurbulent.currentText() == "Ponnada (2019)" or
self.methodFTurbulent.currentText() == "Ponnada (2019)"):
self.groupPonnada.setVisible(True)
else:
self.groupPonnada.setVisible(False)
# Bas-Ozceyhan method
if twisted and (self.methodHeatTurbulent.currentText() == "Bas-Ozceyhan (2012)" or
self.methodFTurbulent.currentText() == "Bas-Ozceyhan (2012)"):
self.lblc.setVisible(True)
self.c.setVisible(True)
else:
self.lblc.setVisible(False)
self.c.setVisible(False)
[docs]
def setEnable_Murugesan(self, mod):
"""Change Enable/Disable state for Murugesan aditional parameters"""
self.lblDe.setVisible(mod == "V cut")
self.De.setVisible(mod == "V cut")
self.lblVcut_w.setVisible(mod == "V cut")
self.Vcut_w.setVisible(mod == "V cut")
[docs]
def setEnable_Eiamsa(self, mod):
"""Change Enable/Disable state for Eiamsa-ard aditional parameters"""
self.lbldW.setVisible("DWT" in mod or "T-" in mod)
self.dW.setVisible("DWT" in mod or "T-" in mod)
self.lblw.setVisible("PCT" in mod)
self.w.setVisible("PCT" in mod)
self.lblbeta.setVisible(mod[:3] in ("AWT", "WT "))
self.beta.setVisible(mod[:3] in ("AWT", "WT "))
self.lblteta.setVisible(mod == "TT")
self.teta.setVisible(mod == "TT")
self.lbll.setVisible(mod == "AT")
self.l.setVisible(mod == "AT")
self.lblsP.setVisible("PT" in mod)
self.sP.setVisible("PT" in mod)
self.lbldP.setVisible("PT" in mod)
self.dP.setVisible("PT" in mod)
self.lbltita.setVisible(mod == "CCC")
self.tita.setVisible(mod == "CCC")
self.lblSw.setVisible(mod == "STT")
self.Sw.setVisible(mod == "STT")
self.lblSd.setVisible(mod == "STT")
self.Sd.setVisible(mod == "STT")
self.checkBW.setVisible("TW" in mod)
self.lblwW.setVisible("TW" in mod)
self.wW.setVisible("TW" in mod)
self.lblPW.setVisible("TW" in mod)
self.PW.setVisible("TW" in mod)
self.setEnableSpacer()
[docs]
def setEnabled(self, boolean):
"""Add logic to parent setEnabled for orientation option"""
ToolGui.setEnabled(self, boolean)
self.setEnableSpacer()
[docs]
def setEnableSpacer(self):
method = self.methodHeatLaminar.currentText() == "Saha-Gaitonde-Date (1989)" or \
self.methodFrictionLaminar.currentText() == "Saha-Gaitonde-Date (1989)"
eiamsa = self.groupEiamsa.isVisible() and self.modEiamsa.currentText() == "ST"
boolean = method or eiamsa or self.helical.isChecked()
self.lblS.setEnabled(boolean)
self.S.setEnabled(boolean)
[docs]
def setEnableHelical(self, boolean):
self.lblLR.setVisible(boolean)
self.LR.setVisible(boolean)
self.changeParams("isHelical", boolean)
self.setEnableSpacer()
[docs]
def setEnableHollow(self, boolean):
self.lblC.setVisible(boolean)
self.C.setVisible(boolean)
self.changeParams("isHollow", boolean)
self.setVisibleMod()
[docs]
class Dialog(QtWidgets.QDialog):
"""Component list config dialog"""
[docs]
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super().__init__(parent)
self.setWindowTitle(self.tr("Twisted-tape insert"))
layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self)
self.datos = UI_TwistedTape()
layout.addWidget(self.datos)
self.buttonBox = QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox(
QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.StandardButton.Cancel
| QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.StandardButton.Ok)
self.buttonBox.accepted.connect(self.accept)
self.buttonBox.rejected.connect(self.reject)
layout.addWidget(self.buttonBox)
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
Dialog = Dialog()
Dialog.show()
sys.exit(app.exec())
