lib.friction module

Module for implement friction factor related functionality

Friction factor

Global function with all functionality, f_friccion()

Friction factor for rough pipes, Colebrook-White intrinsic equation is solved by iteration so so many method have been implement to get direct equations:

lib.friction.f_colebrook(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Colebrook-White correlation (1939)

\[\frac{1}{\sqrt{f}}=-2\log\left(\frac{\epsilon/D}{3.7}+ \frac{2.51}{Re\sqrt{f}}\right)\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

This is the original, implicit expression, slowlest to solve

References

[1] Colebrook, C.F., White, C.M.; Experiments with Fluid Friction in Roughened Pipes. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 161 (1937) 367-381.

lib.friction.f_chen1979(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Chen correlation (1979)

\[\frac{1}{\sqrt{f}}=-2\log\left(\frac{\epsilon/D}{3.7065} -\frac{5.0452}{Re}\log\left(\frac{\left(\epsilon/D\right) ^{1.1098}}{2.8257}+\left(\frac{7.149}{Re}\right)^{0.8981}\right)\right)\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Range of validity:

  • 4e3 <= Re <= 4e8

  • 1e-7 <= eD <= 0.05

References

[2] Chen, H.J.; An Explicit Equation for Friction Factor in Pipe. Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam. 18(3) (1979) 296-297

lib.friction.f_chen(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Chen correlation (1987)

\[\frac{1}{\sqrt{f}}=-4\log\left(\frac{\epsilon/D}{3.7}- \frac{5.02}{Re}\log\left(\frac{\epsilon/D}{3.7}+ \left(\frac{6.7}{Re}\right)^{0.9}\right)\right)\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

The most satisfactory explicit friction factor correlation by [2].

References

[3] Chen, H.J.; An Exact Solution to the Colebrook Equation. Chem. Eng. 94(2) (1987) 196-198

lib.friction.f_moody(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Moody correlation (1947)

\[f = 5.5 10^{-3}\left[1+\left(2 10^4\frac{\epsilon}{D} + \frac{10^6}{Re}\right)^{1/3}\right]\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Range of validity:

  • 4e3 <= Re <= 1e8

  • 0<= eD < 0.01.

References

[4] Moody, L. F.; An approximate formula for pipe friction factors. Trans. ASME, 69(12) (1947) 1005-1006.

lib.friction.f_churchill(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Churchill correlation (1977)

\[f = 2\left[(\frac{8}{Re})^{12} + (A + B)^{-1.5}\right]^{1/12}\]
\[A = \left\{2.457\ln\left[(\frac{7}{Re})^{0.9} + 0.27\frac{\epsilon}{D}\right]\right\}^{16}\]
\[B = \left( \frac{37530}{Re}\right)^{16}\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Represent fanning friction factor over the entire range of Reynolds numbers including intermediate region between laminar and turbulent flow.

References

[5] Churchill, S.W.; Friction-factor equation spans all fluid-flow regimes. Chem. Eng. 84 (1977) 94-95

lib.friction.f_wood(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Wood correlation (1966)

\[f_d = 0.094\left(\epsilon/D\right)^{0.225} + 0.53\left( \epsilon/D\right) + 88\left(\epsilon/D\right)^{0.4}Re^{-A_1}\]
\[A_1 = 1.62\left(\epsilon/D\right)^{0.134}\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Range of validity:

  • Re > 10000

  • 1e-5 < eD < 0.04

References

[6] Wood D.J.; An explicit friction factor relationship. Civil Eng. ASCE 60, 1966

lib.friction.f_haaland(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Haaland correlation (1983)

\[f = \left(-1.8\log_{10}\left[\left(\frac{\epsilon/D}{3.7} \right)^{1.11} + \frac{6.9}{Re}\right]\right)^{-2}\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Range of validity:

  • 4e3 <= Re <= 1e8

  • 1e-6 <= eD <= 0.05

References

[7] Haaland, S.E.; Simple and explicit formulas for the friction factor inturbulent flow. J. Fluids Eng., 105(1) (1983) 89-90.

lib.friction.f_serghides(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Serguides correlation (1984)

\[f=\left[A-\frac{(B-A)^2}{C-2B+A}\right]^{-2}\]
\[A=-2\log_{10}\left[\frac{\epsilon/D}{3.7}+\frac{12}{Re}\right]\]
\[B=-2\log_{10}\left[\frac{\epsilon/D}{3.7}+\frac{2.51A}{Re}\right]\]
\[C=-2\log_{10}\left[\frac{\epsilon/D}{3.7}+\frac{2.51B}{Re}\right]\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

References

[8] Serghides, T.K.; Estimate friction factor accurately. Chem. Eng., 91(5) (1984) 63-64.

lib.friction.f_round(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Round correlation (1980)

\[\frac{1}{\sqrt{f}} = 1.8\log\left[\frac{Re}{0.135Re \epsilon/D+6.5}\right]\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Range of validity:

  • 4e3 <= Re <= 4e8

  • eD <= 0.05

References

[9] Round, G.F.; An Explicit Approximation for the Friction Factor-ReynoldsNumber Relation for Rough and Smooth Pipes. Can. J. Chem. Eng. 58 (1980) 122-123

lib.friction.f_swamee(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Swamee-Jain correlation (1976)

\[\frac{1}{\sqrt{f}} = -2\log\left[\left(\frac{6.97}{Re}\right)^{0.9} + (\frac{\epsilon}{3.7D})\right]\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Range of validity:

  • 5e3 <= Re <= 1e8

  • 1e-6 <= eD <= 5e-2

References

[10] Swamee, P.K.; Jain, A.K.; Explicit equations for pipe-flow problems. J. Hydraulics Division (ASCE) 102(5) (1976) 657-664.

lib.friction.f_jain(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Jain correlation (1976)

\[\frac{1}{\sqrt{f}} = 1.14 - 2\log\left[\epsilon/D + \left(\frac{29.843}{Re}\right)^{0.9}\right]\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Range of validity:

  • 5e3 <= Re <= 1e7

  • 4e-5 <= eD <= 0.05

References

[11] Jain, A.K.; Accurate Explicit Equation for Friction Factor. J. Hydraulics Division 102(5) (1976) 674-77

lib.friction.f_barr(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Barr correlation (1981)

\[\frac{1}{\sqrt{f}} = -2\log\left\{\frac{\epsilon}{3.7D} + \frac{4.518\log(\frac{Re}{7})}{Re\left[1+\frac{Re^{0.52}}{29} \left(\frac{\epsilon}{D}\right)^{0.7}\right]}\right\}\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

References

[12] Barr, D.I.H.; Solutions of the Colebrook-White functions for resistance to uniform turbulent flows.. Proc Inst Civil Eng 71, 1981, 529-536.

lib.friction.f_zigrang(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Zigrang-Sylvester correlation (1982)

\[\frac{1}{\sqrt{f}} = -2\log\left[\frac{\epsilon}{3.7D} - \frac{5.02}{Re}\log A\right]\]
\[A = \frac{\epsilon}{3.7D} + \frac{13}{Re}\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Range of validity:

  • 4e3 <= Re <= 1e8

  • 4e-5 <= eD <= 5e-2

References

[13] Zigrang, D.J., Sylvester, N.D.; Explicit approximations to the solution of Colebrook’sfriction factor equation. AIChE J. 28(03) (1982) 514-515.

lib.friction.f_altshul(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Altshul correlation (1975)

\[f = 0.11\left( \frac{68}{Re} + \frac{\epsilon}{D}\right)^{0.25}\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

References

[14] Tsal, R.J.; Altshul-Tsal friction factor equation. Heating Piping Air Conditioning 8 (1989), 30-45.

lib.friction.f_tsal(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Tsal correlation (1989)

\[A = 0.11(\frac{68}{Re} + \frac{\epsilon}{D})^{0.25}\]

if A >= 0.018 then f = A

if A < 0.018 then f = 0.0028 + 0.85 A

Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Range of validity:

  • 4e3 <= Re <= 1e8

  • eD <= 0.05

References

[14] Tsal, R.J.; Altshul-Tsal friction factor equation. Heating Piping Air Conditioning 8 (1989), 30-45.

lib.friction.f_eck(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Eck correlation (1973)

\[\frac{1}{\sqrt{f_d}} = -2\log\left[\frac{\epsilon}{3.715D} + \frac{15}{Re}\right]\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

References

[15] Eck, B.; Technische Stromungslehre. Springer, New York, 1973.

lib.friction.f_shacham(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Shacham correlation (1980)

\[\frac{1}{\sqrt{f}} = -2\log\left[\frac{\epsilon}{3.7D} - \frac{5.02}{Re} \log\left(\frac{\epsilon}{3.7D} + \frac{14.5}{Re}\right)\right]\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Range of validity:

  • 4e3 <= Re <= 4e8

References

[16] Shacham. M.; An explicit equation for friction factor in pipe. Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund. 19 (1981) 228-229.

lib.friction.f_manadilli(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Manadilli correlation (1997)

\[\frac{1}{\sqrt{f}} = -2\log\left[\frac{\epsilon}{3.7D} + \frac{95}{Re^{0.983}} - \frac{96.82}{Re}\right]\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Range of validity:

  • 5.245e3 <= Re <= 1e8

  • eD <= 0.05

References

[17] Manadilli, G.; Replace implicit equations with signomial functions.. Chem. Eng. 104 (1997) 129-132.

lib.friction.f_romeo(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Monzon-Romeo-Royo correlation (2002)

\[\frac{1}{\sqrt{f_d}} = -2\log\left\{\frac{\epsilon}{3.7065D}\times \frac{5.0272}{Re}\times\log\left[\frac{\epsilon}{3.827D} - \frac{4.567}{Re}\times\log\left(\frac{\epsilon}{7.7918D}^{0.9924} + \left(\frac{5.3326}{208.815+Re}\right)^{0.9345}\right)\right]\right\}\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Range of validity:

  • 3e3 <= Re <= 1.5e8

  • eD <= 0.05

References

[18] Romeo, E., Royo, C., Monzon, A.; Improved explicit equation for estimation of the frictionfactor in rough and smooth pipes.. Chem. Eng. J. 86(3) (2002) 369-374

lib.friction.f_goudar2007(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Goudar-Sonnad correlation (2007)

\[\frac{1}{\sqrt{f}} = 0.8686\ln\left(\frac{0.4587Re}{S^{S/(S+1)}}\right)\]
\[S = 0.1240\times\frac{\epsilon}{D}\times Re + \ln(0.4587Re)\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Range of validity:

  • 4e3 <= Re <= 1e8

  • 1e-6 <= eD <= 0.05

References

[19] Sonnad, J.R., Goudar, C.T.; Explicit Reformulation of the Colebrook-White Equation for Turbulent Flow Frcition Factor Calculation. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 46(8) (2007) 2593-2600

lib.friction.f_goudar(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Goudar-Sonnad correlation (2008)

Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

References

[27] Goudar, C.T., Sonnad J.R.; Comparison of the iterative approximations of the Colebrook-White equation. Hydrocarb. Process. 87 (2008) 79-83

lib.friction.f_buzzelli(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Buzzelli correlation (2008)

\[\frac{1}{\sqrt{f}} = A - \left[\frac{A +2\log(\frac{B}{Re})} {1 + \frac{2.18}{B}}\right]\]
\[A = \frac{0.774\ln(Re)-1.41}{1+1.32\sqrt{\frac{\epsilon}{D}}}\]
\[B = \frac{\epsilon}{3.7D}Re+2.51\times B_1\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

References

[20] Buzzelli, D.; Calculating friction in one step. Machine Design, 80 (2008), 54–55.

lib.friction.f_Vatankhah(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Vatankhah-Kouchakzadeh corr (2008)

Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

References

[21] Vatankhah, A.R., Kouchakzadeh, S; Full-range pipe-flow equations. Journal of Hydraulic Research 46(4) (2008) 559

lib.friction.f_avci(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Avci-Karagoz correlation (2009)

\[f = \frac{6.4} {\left\{\ln(Re) - \ln\left[ 1 + 0.01Re\frac{\epsilon}{D}\left(1 + 10(\frac{\epsilon}{D})^{0.5} \right)\right]\right\}^{2.4}}\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

References

[22] Avci, A., Karagoz, I.; A Novel Explicit Equation for Friction Factor in Smooth andRough Pipes. J. Fluids Eng 131(6) (2009) 061203

lib.friction.f_papaevangelou(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Papaevangelou correlation (2009)

\[f = \frac{0.2479 - 0.0000947(7-\log Re)^4}{\left[\log\left (\frac{\epsilon}{3.615D} + \frac{7.366}{Re^{0.9142}}\right)\right]^2}\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Range of validity:

  • 1e4 <= Re <= 1e7

  • 1e-5 <= eD <= 1e-3

References

[23] Papaevangelou, G., Evangelides, C., Tzimopoulos, C.,; A new explicit relation for friction coefficient in the Darcy-Weisbach equation. Proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Protection and Restoration of the Environment 166,1-7pp, PRE10 July 6-09 2010 Corfu, Greece.

lib.friction.f_brkic(Re, eD, alternate=False)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Brkić correlation (2010)

\[f = [-2\log(10^{-0.4343\beta} + \frac{\epsilon}{3.71D})]^{-2}\]
\[\beta = \ln \frac{Re}{1.816\ln\left(\frac{1.1Re}{\ln(1+1.1Re)}\right)}\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

alternateboolean

Choose the alternate correlation from the paper

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

References

[24] Brkić, D.; An Explicit Approximation of Colebrook’s equation for fluidflow friction factor. Petroleum Science and Technology 29 (15): 1596–1602.

lib.friction.f_fang(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Fang-Xua-Zhou correlation (2011)

\[f = 1.613\left\{\ln\left[0.234\frac{\epsilon}{D}^{1.1007} - \frac{60.525}{Re^{1.1105}} + \frac{56.291}{Re^{1.0712}}\right]\right\}^{-2}\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Notes

Range of validity:

  • 3e3 <= Re <= 1e8

  • eD <= 0.05

References

[25] Fang, X,, Xu, Y., Zhou, Z.; New correlations of single-phase friction factor forturbulent pipe flow and evaluation of existing single-phasefriction factor correlations.. Nucl. Eng. Des. 241 (2011) 897-902

lib.friction.f_ghanbari(Re, eD)[source]
Calculates friction factor f with Ghanbari correlation (2011)

Second correlation

\[f = \left(-1.52\log\left(\left(\frac{\epsilon/D}{7.21}\right)^{1.042} + \left(\frac{2.731}{Re}\right)^{0.9152}\right)\right)^{-2.169}\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

References

[26] Ghanbari, A., Farshad, F., Rieke, H.H.; Newly developed friction factor correlation for pipe flow and flow assurance. J Chem Eng Mat Sci 2 (2011), 83-86.

lib.friction.f_Samadianfard(Re, eD)[source]

Calculates friction factor f with Samadianfard correlation (2012)

\[f = \frac{Re^{\epsilon/D}-0.6315093}{Re^{1/3}+Re·\epsilon/D} + 0.0275308\left(\frac{6.929841}{Re}+\epsilon/D\right)^{1/9} + \frac{10^{\epsilon/D}}{\epsilon/D+4.781616} \left(\epsilon/D +\frac{9.99701}{Re}\right)\]
Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

References

[28] Samadianfard, S.; Gene expression programming analysis of implicit Colebrook-White equation in turbulent flow friction factor calculation. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 92-93 (2012) 48-55

lib.friction.f_blasius(Re)[source]

Friction factor by Blasius, for bare tubes

Input parameters: Re: Reynolds number

lib.friction.f_annulli_Gnielinski(Re, Di, Do)[source]
Friction factor for annulli section in bare tubes using the Gnielinski

correlation (2007)

Input parameters: Re: Reynolds number, based in hydraulic number

References

[32] Gnielinski, V.; Berechnung des Druckverlustes in glatten konzentrischen Ringspalten bei ausgebildeter laminarer und turbulenter isothermer Strömung. Chemie Ingenieur Technik 79(1-2) (2007) 91-95

lib.friction.f_friccion(Re, eD=0, method=0, geometry=0, **kw)[source]

Generalized method for calculate friction factor for laminar or turbulent flux in several geometries

Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

method: int

Index of method to use (default 0 for use Colebrook original function):

  • 0 - Colebrook (default)

  • 1 - Chen (1987)

  • 2 - Vatankhah-Kouchakzadeh (2008)

  • 3 - Buzzelli (2008)

  • 4 - Romeo (2002)

  • 5 - Serghides (1984)

  • 6 - Zigrang-Sylvester (1982)

  • 7 - Samadianfard (2012)

  • 8 - Brkić (2011)

  • 9 - Fang-Xu-Zhou (2011)

  • 10 - Ghanbari (2011)

  • 11 - Haaland (1983)

  • 12 - Round (1980)

  • 13 - Swamee-Jain (1976)

  • 14 - Jain (1976)

  • 15 - Barr (1981)

  • 16 - Shacham (1980)

  • 17 - Tsal (1989)`

  • 18 - Manadilli (1997)

  • 19 - Goudar (2008)

  • 20 - Goudar (2007)

  • 21 - Avci (2009)

  • 22 - Papaevangelou (2010)

  • 23 - Churchill (1977)

  • 24 - Chen (1979)

  • 25 - Moody (1947)

  • 26 - Wood (1966)

  • 27 - Eck (1973)

  • 28 - Altshul (1975)

geometry: int

Index for duct geometry (Table 7.1, Pag 184 in [29])

  • 0 - Circular section (default)

  • 1 - Square

  • 2 - Isosceles triangle

  • 3 - Rectangle

  • 4 - Ellipse

  • 5 - Right triangle

  • 6 - Anulli

args: float

Other parameter necessary for noncircular geometries

  • Isosceles triangle: Angle, [º]

  • Rectangle: Ratio width/height, [-]

  • Ellipse: Both diameters of ellipse, [m]

  • Right triangle: Angle, [º]

  • Anulli: Internal and external diameter, [m]

References

[29] Darby, R., Chhabra, R.P.; Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics, 3rd Edition. CRC Press, 2017

lib.friction.eD(Re, f)[source]

Calculates relative roughness

Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

ffloat

Friction factor, [-]

Returns:
eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

References

[1] Colebrook, C.F., White, C.M.; Experiments with Fluid Friction in Roughened Pipes. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 161 (1937) 367-381.

lib.friction.f_liquid_noisothermal(Re, mu, muW, Gr=None, Pr=None, heating=True)[source]
Calculate nonisothermal correction factor to friction factor for liquid

flow

Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

mufloat

Bulk flow temperature viscosity, [Pa·s]

muWfloat

Wall flow temperature viscosity, [Pa·s]

Grfloat

Grashof number, [-]

Prfloat

Prandtl number, [-]

heatingboolean

Set heating of cooling process

Returns:
fpfloat

Nonisothermal correction factor to friction factor in liquid flow, [-]

References

[30] ; HTRI Design Manual.

Examples

B2.1.1.3.1 turbulent flow >>> print(“%0.3f” % f_liquid_noisothermal(24491, 0.208, 0.111)) 0.915

B2.1.1.3.2 transition flow >>> Pr = 0.649*0.83/0.062 >>> beta = -2/(47.6+40.8)*(47.6-40.8)/(82-355) >>> Gr = 0.0211**3*653**2*9.81*beta*(355-82)/0.000343**2 >>> print(“%0.2f” % f_liquid_noisothermal(1656, 0.343, 2.02, Pr=Pr, Gr=Gr, heating=False)) 2.64

lib.friction.f_gas_noisothermal_turbulent(Re, mu, muw, T, Tw, eD=0)[source]
Calculate nonisothermal correction factor to friction factor for gas

flow in turbulent regimen

Parameters:
Refloat

Reynolds number, [-]

mufloat

Bulk flow temperature viscosity, [Pa·s]

muwfloat

Wall flow temperature viscosity, [Pa·s]

Tfloat

Bulk temperature, [K]

Twfloat

Wall temperature, [K]

eDfloat

Relative roughness of a pipe, [-]

Returns:
ffloat

Non isothermal gas friction factor, [-]

References

[30] ; HTRI Design Manual.

[31] Perkins, H.C., Woroe-Schmidt, P.; Turbulent Heat and Momentum Transfer for Gases in a Circular Tube at Wall to Bulk Temperature Ratios to Seven. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 8(7) (1965) 1011-1031

References